Individual transferable quota in Estonian fishing sector Ministry of Environment Estonia by Aare Tuvi

FISHING ACT 16. Restriction of commercial fishing opportunities If the permitted fishing opportunities of waters do not allow applications for fishing permits to be satisfied fully, the fishing opportunities shall be divided between the applicants who have legally acquired fishing rights for the same waters during the previous three years ………………… Upon division, it shall be ensured that the proportion of the fishing opportunities acquired legally by each applicant for the same waters during the previous three years remains the same in relation to the fishing opportunities acquired legally by other persons for the same waters during the previous three years (historical fishing rights). Fishing opportunities are deemed to be acquired if they are entered in the permit and are paid for or the fishing permit is collected, if payment of the fee is not required. Implemented in

It is permitted to transfer the historical fishing rights specified in subsection of this section to a person who may hold a fishing permit. The transfer transaction shall be notarised. The transaction shall set out the extent of the transferred fishing rights, the basis therefor and the time of transfer of the fishing rights Fishing possibilities are: 1)number of vessels, fishing days, tons, etc. (tons of herring, sprat…) 2) in coastal fisheries - number of fishing gears All Estonian vessels have SPECIAL fishing permit

Historical track record: Fishing opportunities are deemed to be acquired if they are entered in the permit and are paid for. Fishing opportunities are fixed for fishing companies. Company has quota not a vessel. System allows company to operate with optimal number of vessels. During some years historical track record were calculated according to real catch. Cases when fishermen reported more then fished to remain track. Abolished 2003.

Auction system % of fishing opportunities were sold by auction. System was abolished in 2003 because of: 1) fishermen' opposition 2) high concentration 3) collapse of small companies 4) much of resources were wasted on auctions. In 2003 were abolished and now is applied only for new fishing opportunities: If the permitted fishing opportunities established for the first time do not enable applications for fishing permits to be satisfied fully, the fishing opportunities shall be sold at an auction.

COD (Gadus morhua) base years COMPANY SUM KEY 1A.M.Fish o/ü8,5229,1625,8863,560,0207 2Dagomar a/s58,6130,2103,9292,70,0953 Dorado Kalapüük o/ü110,17199,54159,73469,440,1529 4Esmari Laevad o/ü9,6124,6817,6951,980,0169 5Fortem Holding o/ü10,2116,213,6240,030,0130 6Keskpunkt o/ü19,1434,5727,781,410,0265 7Krapesk a/s33,6651,7544,05129,460,0422 8Lindamare o/ü12,5421,0117,350,850,0166 9Maalspiik o/ü13,9428,9822,1465,060, Monistiko o/ü40,7866,9555,56163,290, Nautex Hiiumaa o/ü58,71130,21103,91292,830, Nicone a/s14,2419,8717,5951,70, Morobell o/ü4,2910,227,4821,990, Ramsun a/s169,33327,77282,17779,270, Saare Kalapüügi o/ü20,0435,6328,7184,380, Saare Rand a/s14,816,3516,0747,220, Salar & Co a/s36,4258,6449,03144,090, Strommen o/ü39,8477,9467,19184,970, Windfall o/ü10,1727,2119,2856,660,0185 SUM , ,881,0000

Fishing opportunities defined KW*days 1.Undermines ITQ system. There is need to replace historical track record in fishing days with kw*days (historical track record ) which is a question of compromise but can not be based on scientific rules. 2. Impossible to implement because when in formula the multiplication is as kw*days (C)= A*B then 1 kw is equalised to 1 day, because the value of A and B is not quantified. But in reality these equalisation of traits are incorrect. 3. To reduce or increase the fishing possibilities are very complicated because KW can not be distributed by 1 unit. By 1 unit is possible only to distribute fishing days. 4. To follow the requirement of reduction KW*days by 20%, for example, may be fulfilled mainly by reduction fishing days only but in this case KW are conversed into fishing days, which is not scientifically justified.