Life in Ancient Rome Chapter 10-1

Roman Culture Copied Greeks Changed the Greek ways to meet their own needs

Roman Art Greek style statues Roman statues had flaws, unlike Greeks

Octavian

Roman Architecture Used Greek porches and columns Added arches and domes Vault – curved ceiling Invented concrete, a mixture of volcanic ash, lime and water Buildings of concrete Colosseum Pantheon

Colosseum

Pantheon

Roman Literature Based on Greek works Virgil – Aeneid Horace – wrote satires (made fun) Wrote odes – poems that express emotions Ovid – wrote works based on Greek myths

Virgil reading the Aeneid to Augustus and Octavia,[4] by Jean-Joseph Taillasson, 1787, an early neoclassical painting (National Gallery, London

Roman History Livy – wrote “History of Rome” Admired Roman achievements Tactius – also a historian Believed emperors took Romans’ freedoms

Roman Plays Many based on Greek Seneca Plautus Terence

Roman Language Latin Became Europe’s language for government, trade, instruction until 1500 Many English words from Latin Latin – foundation of Spanish, French, Italian

Latin Bible, 1407

Roman Cursive

Roman Science Galen – anatomy (science about the structure of the human body) Ptolemy – astronomer; mapped over 1,00 different stars Engineering – Roads and bridges Aqueducts to bring in water Sewers

Ptolemy

Daily Life in Rome Forum – open space that served as marketplace and public square Wealthy Romans – large, nice houses City – crowded, noisy, dirty Thieves Fires/Buildings collapse Government gave the poor “bread & circuses” to keep them from rioting Gladiators – fought for entertainment

Roman Forum

Family Life in Rome Large, extended families Paterfamilias – the father, head of household Boys Some went to school and learned reading, writing, rhetoric (public speaking) Girls Studied at home Learned household tasks

Roman Clothes Toga – worn by men (after age 14-16) Palla – worn by women (after marriage)

Women in Rome Completely controlled by the paterfamilias Wealthy women had some freedoms Own land Run a business Sell property

Roman Slaves By 100 B.C. 40% of Romans were slaves Worked hard Educated worked as teachers, doctors Punished severely Spartacus – slave who led a rebellion of 70,000 2 years later, revolt was crushed and 6,000 of his followers crucified

The Fall of Spartacus

Roman Religion Greek gods and goddesses given Roman names Roman emperors worshiped Believed spirits lived in natural things Honored gods Altars in the homes Offered food prayed

Roman Philosophy Stoicism – encouraged Romans to live a practical life