Spanish Rule Ends in Mexico Chapter 7 Section 4 Spanish Rule Ends in Mexico

Mexico Wins Independence After Father Hidalgo’s death, a priest named Father Jose Maria Morelos y Pavon led the fight for independence In 1815 he was captured and executed This seemed like the end of the revolution, but events in Europe during 1820 encouraged the revolution.

+ = Iturbide Guerrero Mexico’s A military officer named Agustin de Iturbide joined forces with a rebel leader Vicente Guerrero. Together these forces defeated the Spanish in 1821 and Mexico won its independence. + = Mexico’s Iturbide Guerrero Independence!!!

Impacts on Texas from the Mexican War for Independence Many Tejanos had fled or been killed. Relations with Texas Indians had worsened leading to more attacks on settlements. Texas economy was in ruins- livestock was lost and crops were ruined.

Effects on Population in Major Towns San Antonio (the capital)- Only 1500 people lived there La Bahia (now renamed Goliad)- Only 1,000 Tejanos lived there Nacogdoches- almost completely deserted

Tejano Ranchers To the south and west, several thousand settlers lived along the Rio Grande, grouped mainly around El Paso del Norte and Laredo.

This area was great because it had lush grasslands. Livestock included cattle, horses, and sheep.

Most Successful Ranchers Tomas Sanchez Martin de Leon Tomas Sanchez (also served as the alcalde of Laredo for many years) Jose Narciso Cavazos (raised a variety of livestock on his 470,000 acre ranch)

Ranching in the San Antonio River Valley Steady cattle trade market between Texas and Coahuila to the South and Louisiana to the East Many wealthier Tejanos lived on ranches in stone houses

Many other Texas ranchers lived in jacales- small one room huts made of sticks and mud. No matter what the Tejano lived in they faced many difficulties and dangers on the frontier.

Mexican Policies in Texas Spain had begun to secularize the missions. After Mexico won its independence it continued this process.

To boost the population of Texas, Mexico began offering free land To boost the population of Texas, Mexico began offering free land. Unfortunately this only lured a few settlers. Many Mexican citizens were concerned about living on the rough frontier. Mexico would have to decide whether to continue this policy or not.