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Table of Contents  Basic similarities (“Tell me some similarities…”)  Main differences (“Tell me some differences”)  Definition of Phonemic (“What is Phonemic”)  Phonemic differences (“What are some Phonemic differences?”)  Definition of Phonological (“What is Phonological?”)  Phonological differences (“What are some Phonological differences?”)

Tell me some similarities… Both use the same alphabet from the Romans (a, b, c…). Some words in Spanish look the same, sound the same and mean the same thing. Learning to read and write in both languages require the same process.

Tell me some differences… There are two main differences:

What is Phonemic? A unit of sound. Relates to spoken language. Represents the sound in speech.

What are some Phonemic differences? English speakers pronounce the “s” in plurals. Spanish speakers have difficulty pronouncing the “s” in plurals. Example: English speakers say the word “grabs” with a “z” sound at the end. Spanish speakers can not pronounce it.

What are some Phonemic differences? (cont’d) English speakers pronounce the “ed” in past tense verbs. Spanish speakers have difficulty pronouncing the “ed” in past tense verbs. Example: English speakers say the word “begged” with a solid “d” sound at the end. Spanish speakers can not pronounce it.

What is Phonological? Decoding (conjugation). Spelling.

What are some Phonological differences? English and Spanish speakers have the same idea of sentence structures but they are both written differently. Example: “Do you want to go to the movies tonight?” Example: “¡Quieres ir al cine esta noche?” (The word “do” is left out)

What are some Phonological differences? English speakers write adjectives before the nouns. Spanish speakers write adjectives after the nouns. Example: “White dog…” Example: “Blanco perro…”