Head movement 3 Oct. 8, 2012 – Day 17 Introduction to Syntax ANTH 3590/7590 Harry Howard Tulane University

C OURSE MANAGEMENT We need to spend our $150 from the Provost’s Undergraduate Activities Fund. 10/08/12 2 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

REVIEW The quiz was the review 10/08/12 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane 3

ANOTHER LOOK AT NEGATION Radford §4.7 10/08/12 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane 4

N OT GETS ITS OWN PHRASE, N EG P It could be the head or the specifier of this phrase. What’s a specifier?, you may ask. It is the left-hand daughter of XP. For reasons which are not immediately clear, Radford chooses it to be the specifier. Putting it in the specifier prevents head movement from picking it up and carrying it forward, which would be incorrect. On the other hand, Radford’s representations do not have anything at all in Neg in this section (!), but the next section has ø, so I include it on the next slide. 10/08/12 5 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

NEGP AND AUX-TO-T 10/08/12 6 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane TP T’T’PRN you NegP T Af 2sPres ADV not AuxP CP CøCø VP Neg ø V call DetP the police Neg’ Aux need need+ø need

DO SUPPORT Radford §4.8 10/08/12 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane 7

Why can’t T hop down to V via Neg? 10/08/12 8 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane TP T’T’PRN I NegP T Af 1sPres ADV not CP CøCø VP Neg ø V care PP for her Neg’ Recall that … I care not for her. (Elizabethan) = I do not care for her. (modern) +ø+Af 1sPres

N OTE TO SELF Radford introduces the notions of earliness and strict cyclicity to account for the absence of affix lowering over Neg, but I do not see that they are really necessary. 10/08/12 9 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

A NSWER Assume that Neg is not an appropriate host for tense, since it has nothing to do with tense and so cannot be spelled out as an inflected verb. Instead of having the derivation crash whenever affix hopping is blocked by Neg, English has a last resort mechanism of spelling out the material stranded in T with the dummy or expletive verb do. See #54 for complicated definition. 10/08/12 10 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane

DO SUPPORT WITH NEGP 10/08/12 11 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane TP T’T’PRN I NegP T do+Af 1sPres ADV not CP CøCø VP Neg ø V care PP for her Neg’

DO SUPPORT WITH POLP (POLARITY PHRASE ), #55F/64 10/08/12 12 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane TP T’T’PRN he PolP T do+Af 3sPast ADV (so) CP CøCø VP Pol ø V win PRN it Pol’

EX. 4.1, P. 147 Put on board 10/08/12 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane 13

NEXT TIME Go over exercises 4.2 Start WH movement 10/08/12 14 ANTH3590/7590, Harry Howard, Tulane