Russian Revolution Lenin and Stalin Communist policies

 Strong pressures for change :  A lot of reforms in the Crimiean War ( also the emancipation of the serfs ( Alexander 2nd ) ‏  Industrialization in western European lines Russia  Another military defeat by Japan lead to a revolution   Czar Nicholas 2nd had to introduce Russia‘s first constitution

 The Duma (  Parliament) was to limit the power of the Czar but it didn‘t help  Then Russia entered in the World War really poor prepared  By the end of 1915 over two million Russian troops had been killed  Now the people woho supported the regime was asking themselves questions  Early 1917 a lot of troops abandoned

 Duma is now the provisory government (supported by the public opinion) ‏  Russians are disappointed from their government  March 1917: Czar should abdicate

 Duma=Provisional government  Soviets who were involved in the revolution of 1905 now reappeared  They had no legal standing  Workers looked for their leader ship  Soviets (Soviet of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies) ‏  Then Russia won the war and was reorganize as a democratic state

 Lenin wants to have that the Bolsheviks support the Soviets as the true government  Lenin saw the circumstances in Russia and he deal with them  Marxism  By November: 300 of the 650 delegates chosen an All-Russian Congress of Soviets  Scheduled to meet on November 7th 1917 were Bolsheviks supporters

 By mid-1917 the situation was deteriorating at the front and at the home

 The whites were anti-Bolshevik supporters of the former Tsarist government, landowners and generals  When the Brest-Litovsk signed in the west was very anti-Lenin  The white army was never a united force  they fought separate campaigns against Trotsky’s Red Army who were organized and concentrated in the industrial areas.

 50,000 Russians died as a result of raids by the CHECHA (a secret police force who organized the Red Terror)  War Communism kept the Red Army fully supplied  Population suffered because of this policy  Lenin realized the extent of the damage to the people and institutes his New Economic Policy (NEP) in 1921.

 He Allowed some private trade, and ownership of some land  relaxing of war communism  Reds won the Civil war and had to rebuild Russia  Russia signed the Treaty of Rapallo in 1922 (secret Russian German agreement) ‏  the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was renamed by Russia in 1922

 Leningrad was renamed by Petrogard  The government was communist. It included elected Soviets, a Supreme Soviet and a council of ministers  As a result Lenin has achieved his dreams  He died in January 1924

Wladimir Iljitsch Uljanow (called Lenin)‏

 6Nc

 first used in 1924  stalin used it first --> wasn't the founder --> he was rather a defender of the Marxism  people thought it was the international communistic action

 it first was a party founded in the 1920s  called Bolshevik, founded by Lenin  first he defended the Leninism  most important for the Stalin was the Socialism  after people spoke about two different topics thought that Stalinism made more sense and were more academically

 After the first world war ended there was the contract of Versailles and the allies wanted Germany to pay for everything they damaged and all those things in the first world war  After Hitler came to power the German paid less and less of what they should.

 There were also all communistic people killed  That was the totally difference between Germany and Russia  They were called as the enemy of the Bolsheviks

 In the contract of Versailles there were lots of land taken away from the Germans  Hitler wanted to get that back.  indirect declaration of war to Russia

 2yvc

 Internet:  BBC History  rtments/economics/bcapla n/museum/his1e.htm rtments/economics/bcapla n/museum/his1e.htm  /curr_content/history20/un it1/sec6_08.html /curr_content/history20/un it1/sec6_08.html  Wikipedia.com  Youtube.com  watch?v=70zy6Yet6Nc  watch?v=isUWdCD2yvc  Books:  The West and the World (Arthur Habermann/ Adrian Shubert) ‏