Sridhar Rajappan 1

 Key Terms  Review of unit 6 project  Buddy Work: suggestions for questions

General TermsMixed Designs  Data Collection Tools  Validity  Questionnaire  Semi-Structured Interviews  Alternative Question

Primarily QuantitativePrimarily Qualitative  Checklist  Rating Scale  Reliability  Standardized Tests  Structured interviews  Diaries  Field Notes  Focus Groups  Interviews  Open-Ended Question  Unstructured Interview

Foci: supervisors’ impressions of :  How effectively their staff washes their hands  Suggestions for improvements in training and/or in policy to ensure that hand washing is effective  GOAL: to reduce infection rate

 Questionnaire is based on:  Mixed methods design:  Q ualitative phenomenological  + Descriptive survey The subject matter is hand washing as it relates to the rates of hospital born infections

 Supervisor’s perceptions of problems related to hand washing  Numerical data related to current hand washing habits of staff  Suggestions for improvement Ultimate focus: to reduce hospital born infection rate

 Two Parts  Cover letter and questionnaire  Analysis of how survey will be distributed  You might want to try Survey Monkey: us:ps:yahoo us:ps:yahoo  Free and fun to use!

 Write for expected participants  Be clear and to the point  Identify purpose of questionnaire to  Enhance likelihood of completion  Add to the credibility of the project  Be concise. You want them to move on to complete the questionnaire!  Be personal to motivate them to complete it

 Use descriptive title  Provide instructions on how to complete:  Circle answer? Check? Be clear and specific  Only one answer or can there be several?  Craft questions so they are easy to complete

 Ensure question order does not influence responses  Include open space between questions. Provide space for open ended questions to be completed  Use numbers to designate response choices

 questions (no more) including:  2 fixed alternative questions with only 2 potential answers  2 fixed alternative questions with 4-5 potential answers  4 open-ended questions  Other questions for a minimum of 10 questions; maximum of 15 questions

Open-EndedFixed Alternative

Open-EndedFixed Alternative Allow respondent to fill in own answer  May ask for specific information or  May ask for narrative response  Respondent says/writes whatever he/she wants

Open-EndedFixed Alternative Allow respondent to fill in own answer  May ask for specific information or  May ask for narrative response  Respondent says/writes whatever he/she wants  Respondent chooses from list of possible responses  May also be called  Fixed choice questions  Forced choice questions

Open-EndedFixed Alternative What is your annual income? Check appropriate box:  no income  Less than $5000  $ $20,000  More than $20,000

 Must have mutually exclusive and exhaustive response categories  Exhaustive=all possible choices included  Exclusive=only one possible response

 Exhaustive=all possible choices included  Which example is exhaustive? How many times have you visited a doctor in the last year? or more o 1-2 o 2-3 o 3-4 o 5 o 6

 Exclusive=only one possible response  Which example is exclusive? How many times have you visited a doctor in the last year? or more o 1-2 o 2-3 o 3-4 o 5 o 6

 Usually framed as declarative statements – not questions  Describe intensity of feeling/belief/opinion  With or without an explicitly measured neutral point in the center StronglyAgreeNoDisagreeStrongly AgreeOpinionDisagree 1234 StronglyAgreeDisagreeStrongly AgreeDisagree

 Avoid confusing phrasing & jargon  Use correct grammar and spelling  Be concise, but clear. Use shorter rather than longer words & sentences  Relate questions to the purpose of the questionnaire

 I will identify pairs  You will chat privately with partner by clicking on the individual’s name on the list on the bottom left of screen. Click on + on the blue bar to open list.  Identify 3 questions: 1 open-ended; 1 fixed response with two potential answers; 1 fixed response with 4-5 potential answers  Type questions so you can cut and paste when it is your turn.

 Supervisor’s perceptions of problems related to hand washing  Numerical data related to current hand washing habits of staff  Suggestions for improvement Ultimate focus: to reduce hospital born infection rate

 Open Ended questions

 Fixed response question with two potential answers

 Fixed response question with 4-5 potential answers

 Analyze how you would distribute your survey  Approximately 1 page  Use Standard English  Use APA format with citations and references

 Telephone  Internet  Mail  Self administered questionnaire given in a group of people  Face to face Interview

 Identify method(s) to distribute cover letter/survey  Discuss why the method is preferred, i.e. strengths of the methods with citations  Discuss why other methods are not preferred, i.e. weaknesses with citations VIDEO on distribution techniques

 Interviews  Structured  Unstructured  Semi-Structured  Questionnaires  Written questions with response area  No opportunity to clarify meaning of questions 33

 Structured – questions developed in advanced  Unstructured – no specific questions prepared. Interview proceeds “on the fly”  Semi-Structured – some specific questions prepared, but interview asks supplementary questions as needed 34

ProsCons 35

ProsCons  Rapport - increases completion rates  Meaning explained that is not clear  Interviewer can go into unplanned areas to get the most complete info from respondents; tailor questions 36

ProsCons  Rapport - increases completion rates  Meaning explained that is not clear  Interviewer can go into unplanned areas to get the most complete info from respondents; tailor questions  Time consuming  Expensive  Respondent might give answer that she/he expects will please interviewer 37

 Identify how you would distribute the survey  Analyze pros and cons of your distribution method  Use APA format with citations and references

 APA Title page  Cover letter (no citations)  Questionnaire or link to Survey Monkey  Part 2 analysis (include in text citations)  Reference page

 Easy to complete  Many people find them enjoyable and readily participate  Standardized answers are easier to analyze

 Seminar: Analysis of an experimental study  Discussion: Analysis of various Experimental designs  Quiz

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