BY: LEONARDO BENEDITT Mathematics

What is Math? Mathematics is the science and study of quantity, structure, space, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns, formulate new conjectures, and establish truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions. There is debate over whether mathematical objects such as numbers and points exist naturally or are human creations. The mathematician Benjamin Peirce called mathematics "the science that draws necessary conclusions". Albert Einstein, on the other hand, stated that "as far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain; and as far as they are certain, they do not refer to reality." Through the use of abstraction and logical reasoning, mathematics evolved from counting, calculation, measurement, and the systematic study of the shapes and motions of physical objects. Practical mathematics has been a human activity for as far back as written records go. Today, mathematics is used throughout the world as an essential tool in many fields, including natural science, engineering, medicine, and the social sciences. Applied mathematics, the branch of mathematics concerned with application of mathematical knowledge to other fields, inspires and makes use of new mathematical discoveries and sometimes leads to the development of entirely new disciplines. Mathematicians also engage in pure mathematics, or mathematics for its own sake, without having any application in mind, although practical applications for what began as pure mathematics are often discovered later

Math History Before the modern age and the worldwide spread of knowledge, written examples of new mathematical developments have come to light only in a few locales. The most ancient mathematical texts available are Plimpton 322 (Babylonian mathematics c BC), the Moscow Mathematical Papyrus (Egyptian mathematics c BC), and the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus (Egyptian mathematics c BC). All of these texts concern the so-called Pythagorean theorem, which seems to be the most ancient and widespread mathematical development after basic arithmetic and geometry. The Greek and Hellenistic contribution, influenced as it was by Egyptian and Babylonian mathematics, is generally considered the most important for greatly refining the methods (especially the introduction of mathematical rigor in proofs) and expanding the subject matter of mathematics.[1] Islamic mathematics, in turn, developed and expanded the mathematics known to these ancient civilizations. Many Greek and Arabic texts on mathematics were then translated into Latin, which led to further development of mathematics in medieval Europe. From ancient times through the Middle Ages, bursts of mathematical creativity were often followed by centuries of stagnation. Beginning in Renaissance Italy in the 16th century, new mathematical developments, interacting with new scientific discoveries, were made at an ever increasing pace, and this continues to the present day.

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Problems Mathematics is considered perfect by most individuals. It is said that Math is able to explain a vast majority of natural phenomena, but even through this perfection, chaos and fallacies can be found. Math is “tormented” by three main limitations, which are not comprehended by most people. The first limitation of Mathematics is Infinity. Due to infinity Mathematics is condemned to never be able to prove its theories and theorems. Humans cannot calculate the properties and interaction of huge numbers making it impossible for Mathematicians to generalize trends and behavior into laws maintaining them simply as theories and theorems. The second limitation of Mathematics is the existence of Imaginary Numbers. Imaginary numbers cannot be understood, cannot be predicted, and cannot even be placed on an ordinary number line. Imaginary Numbers can cause a lot of ambiguity and controversy in Mathematics, since many people hind them extremely useful while others cannot find the reason for their existence. The third limitation of Mathematics is the randomness and chaos seen in the universe. Many things in the universe cannot be predicted or understood, due to that they are regulated by chaos, making mathematics useless in such situations and conditions. The branch of Math that tries to understand these chaotic sides of the universe and in some way organize what seems to have no order is called the Chaos Theory of Mathematics.

Problems Boring and difficult to understand Infinity and imaginary numbers= there are caotic numbers and factors in it Statistics and probability are only theoretical and aren’t useful to predict the why of reallife results Human error can cause mayor mathematical misshaps

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