M. Gomez Marzoa1 13th December 2012 PSB-Dump: first CFD simulations Enrico DA RIVA Manuel GOMEZ MARZOA 13 th December 2012
Contents 13th December 20122M. Gomez Marzoa 1.Studied case overview 2.CFD Model: Geometry Mesh Setup Running conditions 3.Results 4.Conclusion
Studied case overview 13th December 20123M. Gomez Marzoa Option 2: blow air out of the dump chamber from the ducts drilled in the shielding. Keeps the whole volume of the sump under pressure, preventing from leaks. Easier access to the ducts for placing the fans. 8 L min -1, 0.5 W cm -2 Symmetry plane
CFD model: geometry 13th December 20124M. Gomez Marzoa 8 L min -1, 0.5 W cm -2 Full geometry: symmetry applied in the model Duct-main volume junction.Beam pipe separated 1 cm from dump. PSB Dump Beam pipe Air duct Beam pipe PSB Dump
CFD model: mesh 13th December 20125M. Gomez Marzoa 8 L min -1, 0.5 W cm -2 Front end of the PSB Dump.Duct-main volume junction mesh. Beam pipe PSB Dump Duct Main air volume Main mesh features: 1.Regular mesh in ducts and cylindrical volumes, where possible (extruded). 2.Tetrahedral mesh for the dump solid, the rear air volume and the duct junctions. 3.Boundary layers + standard wall function enabled *10 5 cells. 5.Cell skewness can be problematic at pipe junction.
CFD model: setup 13th December 20126M. Gomez Marzoa FLUKA file: 24M cells Reorder Set it as a Fluent interpolation file Interpolate it in Fluent Use Fluent UDFs to set the values as energy source term Run simulation Gev/cm 3 /particleW/m 3 Energy source term: Boundary conditions: Velocity inlet: 2.12 m s -1 : corresponding to a flow rate of 1800 m h -1 Air temperature at inlet: 20 °C Pressure outlet. Symmetry. Shielding inner wall and beam pipe: adiabatic. Models: Turbulence: Standard k-ε. Wall treatment: standard wall function. Gravity accounted. Solver: steady-state, pressure-based, SIMPLE pressure-velocity coupling.
Running the CFD model 13th December 20127M. Gomez Marzoa Initialization Adjusting under-relaxation factors Convergence assessment: Mass balance: achieved with an accuracy of kg s -1 Energy balance: net (solid + air) = W Over 4738 W dissipated at PSB Dump: % accuracy. Monitors: average inlet pressure, average dump surface temperature, outlet mass flow rate, heat flux through dump outer surface. Solver: steady-state, pressure-based, SIMPLE pressure-velocity coupling. Data validation: Consider analytical calculation regarding pressure drop and dump average temperature: ~ 2000 m 3 h -1
CFD results: temperature 13th December 20128M. Gomez Marzoa PSB Dump T map [°C] from front end. PSB Dump T map [°C] from back end: influence of gravity Top is slightly warmer Gravity vector Av_Static_T (K) inlet 293 pres-outlet Net Expected ΔT (analytical) = 15 K with 2000 m 3 h -1 CFD: ΔT Average = 22.4 K with 1800 m 3 h -1 PSB Dump volume average T [°C]: Analytical = 220 °C CFD = 210 °C
CFD results: heat flux 13th December 20129M. Gomez Marzoa Total Heat Transfer Rate (W) beam-pipe 0 dump-wall inlet pres-outlet wall Net PSB Dump outer wall heat flux map [W m -2 ], as seen from the dump front end. Average power dissipated in Cu core (FLUKA estimation) = 9433 W CFD calculation = 2* = W Deviation between calculations < 0.5 %
CFD results: air velocity 13th December M. Gomez Marzoa Air velocity magnitude map [m s -1 ] at the model symmetry plane. Air velocity magnitude map [m s -1 ] at the central plane of the duct.
CFD results: air pressure 13th December M. Gomez Marzoa Airflow gauge pressure at the wall [Pa]. Main pressure drop happens at the ducts, as expected. Air global Δp [bar]: Analytical: Main = 12 Pa Duct = 80 Pa CFD: Global = 321 Pa Mass-Weighted Av Static Pressure (pa) inlet pres-outlet Net Airflow gauge pressure at symmetry plane [Pa]. Airflow gauge pres. at duct central plane [Pa].
Conclusion 13th December M. Gomez Marzoa CFD simulation: Importation from FLUKA is successful. CFD matches the analytical calculations: Pressure drop seems not to be the expected: Singularities/junction? Mesh not adequate? Further steps: CFD can provide a better insight when considering: Radiative heat transfer to surrounding shielding: quantify heat dissipated. Different dump shapes. Heat transfer to the beam pipe. Pressure drop reduction. Adding fins: doubling the surface with fins can reduce dump T to almost half!
M. Gomez Marzoa13 13th December 2012 PSB-Dump: first CFD simulations Enrico DA RIVA Manuel GOMEZ MARZOA 13 th December 2012