1. A red blood cell is placed in a saturated salt solution (there is so much salt dissolved in the water, that no more salt can be added without it precipitating to the bottom, undissolved). What will happen to the blood cell? Explain why by making a labeled diagram showing the blood cell and the solution surrounding it. Label the hypotonic and hypertonic regions. Indicate the direction of net flow of water, and label the semipermeable membrane. 2. Describe each term and label it as active or passive transport: diffusion osmosis facilitated transport endocytosis active transport

Title this WarmUp: Photosynthesis Overview Write your first and last name on the paper (1 point!) 1. Find the chemical equation for the overall reaction that is photosynthesis. Look in section 8.2. Use the index if you need to. Using words or chemical formula, write the overall equation for photosynthesis. 2. What are the reactants in the overall equation for photosynthesis? You may need to review your chapter 2 notes if you’ve forgotten what a reactant is. You may need to review your chapter 2 notes if you’ve forgotten what a reactant is. 3. What are the products of the overall equation for photosynthesis? 4. If you didn’t include energy in your overall equation for photosynthesis, add it now.

1. Find the chemical equation for the overall reaction that is photosynthesis. Look in section 8.2. Use the index if you need to. Using words or chemical formula, write the overall equation for photosynthesis. The overall equation for photosynthesis is 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O --> 6C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Carbon dioxide reacts with water to produce glucose and oxygen

2. What are the reactants in the overall equation for photosynthesis? You may need to review your chapter 2 notes if you’ve forgotten what a reactant is. You may need to review your chapter 2 notes if you’ve forgotten what a reactant is. The overall equation for photosynthesis is 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O --> 6C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Carbon dioxide reacts with water to produce glucose and oxygen Reactants 3. What are the products of the overall equation for photosynthesis? Products 4. If you didn’t include energy in your overall equation for photosynthesis, add it now. Energy +

PHOTOSYNTHESIS 1.Explain where plants get the energy they need to produce food 2.Describe the role of ATP in cellular activities 8.1 ENERGY AND LIFE

AutotrophsHeterotrophs Plants and some other types of organisms that are able to use light energy from the sun to produce food Organisms that cannot make their own food Obtain energy from food they consume Consumers Detritivores

Chemical Energy and ATP Adenosine Triphosphate ATP is like a charged up battery AdenineRibose3 Phosphate groups

Chemical Energy and ATP ATP is like a charged up battery ADPATP Energy Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + PhosphateAdenosine triphosphate (ATP) Partially charged battery Fully charged battery

Releasing energy from ATP ATP is used by all types of cells as their basic energy source Powers movement This is the source of energy for active transport Not efficient for storage Cells only have enough ATP at any one time for a few seconds

Photosynthesis 8.2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Explain What was learned from experiments by van Helmont, Priestly, and Ingenhousz State the overall equation for photosynthesis Describe the role of light and chlorophyll in photosynthesis

Photosynthesis van Helmont’s experiment (1643) Weighed dry soil After 5 years tree gained 75 kg Soil barely changed in mass van Helmont concluded the plant had gained weight from the water Significant discovery But only part of the answer

Photosynthesis Priestly’s experiment (1771) Candle went out under glass cover A sprig of mint in the jar allowed the candle to burn longer Priestly’s discovery was that plants release something that keeps the candle burning (oxygen)

Photosynthesis Ingenhousz experiment (1779) Aquatic plants produce oxygen bubbles in the light, but not in the dark Plants need sunlight to produce oxygen

Photosynthesis van Helmont, Priestly and Ingenhousz Showed that in the presence of light, plants transform carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and release oxygen 6CO 2 +6H 2 O light C 6 H 12 O 6 +6O 2 carbon dioxide + water light sugar + oxygen

Photosynthesis van Helmont, Priestly and Ingenhousz Showed that in the presence of light, plants transform carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and release oxygen Light Energy Chloroplast CO 2 + H 2 O Sugars + O 2 This picture on p206

Photosynthesis and Chlorophyl 1.Look out the window through the spectroscope. Draw the spectrum you see. 2.What part of that spectrum do you think plants use? Write your answer. 3.Obtain a test tube of chlorophyll solution 4.Again find the spectrum you saw before. Then, without moving the spectroscope, move the test tube so that it blocks the light coming into the slot. Draw the new spectrum. 5.Which colors passed through the chlorophyll? 6.Which colors did the chlorophyll absorb? 7.Answer questions 1-3 on page 206

Lights and Pigments Photosynthesis requires light and chlorophyll (in the chloroplasts) pigments are the plants light-absorbing molecules chlorophyl plant’s principal photosynthetic pigment Chlorophyll absorbs blue and red. That is why plants are green

Absorption of Light by Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b VBGYOR Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a Photosynthesis requires light and chlorophyll (in the chloroplasts)