Animals, Plants and Interdependence Organ Systems Animals, Plants and Interdependence

Organs? What is an organ? Organized group of tissues that performs a specific function. Atoms Molecules Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems Organisms

Animal Organs 4 types of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous Example: Skin – largest organ in your body Protects inner cells from damage, acts as defense, insulates, releases heat and excretes wastes Epidermis is outer layer and acts as protective layer Epithelial tissue Dermis is connective tissue, nervous tissue and muscle tissue Connective – blood and blood vessels, fat for insulation Nervous – tissue to detect pain, pressure, heat and cold Muscle - goosebumps

Plant Organs 4 types of tissues: Organs in a plant are: epidermal, ground, vascular and meristematic Organs in a plant are: root, leaf, stem and flower or fruit Example: Leaf – where photosynthesis happens Vascular tissue – water to and within the leaf, sugar produced to the rest of the plant Epidermal tissue – holes called stomata facilitate gases Ground tissue – mesophyll is where photosynthesis happens

Animal Organ Systems There are 11 main organ systems in the human body integumentary, digestive, respiratory, circulatory and excretory Example: Digestive Organ System Tube within a tube in which absorption takes place Small intestine into the bloodstream Earthworm – food in the mouth, muscular contractions move it to the crop  muscular gizzard  intestines  anus Fish – teeth to grab prey  stomach  digestion in intestine  anus Frog – teeth and tongue to grab prey  pressure of swallowing to get food into gullet  esophagus  stomach  intestines  cloaca

Animal Organ Systems Integumentary Respiratory Circulatory Excretory skin (epidermis and dermis) accessory structures (horns, antlers, hooves, quills, claws and nails Respiratory Obtain oxygen and release carbon dioxide Trachea  bronchus  bronchioles  alveoli  bloodstream Circulatory Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, heart, blood Excretory Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra and skin Filters waste products from the blood and maintains water and electrolytes

Plant Organ Systems Root System and Shoot System Shoot – everything above the ground Root – everything below the ground Example of Interdependence Water flow Root pressure Capillary action Transpiration pull

Homeostasis Maintaining an internal steady state and organ systems work together to facilitate this Example of interdependence: Your circulatory system works to get blood to all parts of your body and the reason is to get oxygen to all cells and wastes away. Additionally, nutrients that have been absorbed by the digestive system are passed to the cells of your body via the circulatory system.

Interdependence of Organs Think of how the following all interact with each other. Provide an example of an activity with an explanation. Integumentary Circulatory Respiratory Skeletal Muscular Nervous

Problems With Organ Systems Circulatory System Pulse – 60-80 bpm Blood pressure – 120/80mm of Hg Systolic and diastolic pressures Excretory System Urine test Kidneys remove urea, water and other wastes from blood White blood cells in urine indicate an infection in the excretory system Too little urine may mean kidneys are not working effectively Too much urine may mean pancreas is not working effectively Prescription and illegal drugs as well as performance enhancers