History of Computers and Programming Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2015. All rights reserved. 1 How we went from this To this Early Chinese counting.

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History of Computers and Programming Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved. 1 How we went from this To this Early Chinese counting board: Used with permission Robyn Segrest 01/08/2015

Group Discussion Questions: 1.What is the simplest definition of a computer? 2.What defines a modern computer? 3.What is software? 4.What was the first computer? If you don’t know make a guess… 2 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

1.Counting boards and abaci – 1782: Jacques de Vaucanson – 1871: Charles Babbage – 1852: Countess of Lovelace (Augusta Ada Byron King) – 1995: Konrad Zuse – 1992: Grace Hopper Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved. 3

– 1957: John von Neumann : ENIAC : Keyboards and RAMACs – 2005: Jack Kilby : Development of Major Languages : IBM 1301 Disk Storage Unit 4 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

: ASCII : Networking, BASIC : Simula s: Space Race : ARPANET : ATM, ARPANET, Shakey 5 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

: 8008 CPU, First true video game released : 8800 kit 21.Steve Wozniak 1950 – :  PET (Personal Electronic Transistor)  TRS-80  2600 Video Computer System : Worms Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.

 First mouse and GUI-driven computer introduced 26.Bjarne Stroustrup published “The C++ Programming Language”  Scientist at CERN developed HTML  First OS that satisfied PC users and provided support for large graphical applications was released  Finnish student, Linus Torvalds, was dissatisfied with the state of the computer software industry as they became more secretive and proprietary with their code  Intel released Pentium processors  Mosaic web browser introduced 7 Copyright © Texas Education Agency, All rights reserved.