Municipal Networks: Competitive? Or Complementary? Brenda van Gelder Director, Virginia Tech eCorridors April 18, 2005

Competitive? com·pet·i·tive 1.Of, involving, or determined by competition: competitive games. 2.Liking competition or inclined to compete: a highly competitive teammate. 1. “Due to their much larger size, experience, and economies of scale, commercial competitors are able to offer better content and lower prices than municipalities.”-- Joseph L. Bast, President of the Heartland Institute 2. Most municipal telecom efforts consider themselves “the provider of last resort,” and are undertaken only after all possible alternatives have been exhausted

Complementary? com·ple·men·ta·ry Forming or serving as a complement; completing. Supplying mutual needs or offsetting mutual lacks.

Ways in Which Municipal Networks are Complementary Objectives Markets Perspectives Technology Assets/Expertise Long term Strategies

Objectives Private –return on investment –market penetration –critical mass Municipal –economic development –education and quality of life for local citizens –survival

Markets Private –Urban –high density population areas –“cherry picking” Municipal –tend to occur in rural and isolated communities –“low return-on-investment areas”

Perspectives The dominant private sector providers tend to view the network as a distribution network with a few centralized producers and many consumers (broadcast model) Consistent with their economic development objectives, municipal networks strive to provide access to capacity that would allow any citizen and any business to become a point of production and therefore tend to view the network as a “producer network”

Technologies Private –the primary technologies comprising the dominant providers’ offerings are copper wire and cable modems –These technologies typically provide low speed from the consumer to the network hub and moderate speeds from the network to the consumer –tentative efforts are beginning with wireless and FTTH technologies but are currently limited to urban markets Municipal –Are using emerging technologies including wireless, Broadband over Powerlines, and optical fiber –Experimentation with bi-directional multi-megabit per second wireless and with gigabits per second capacity to the home and small business

Assets/Expertise Private –significant experience in deploying infrastructure; ownership of infrastructure with sunk costs recovered many times over; regulatory stability and lobbying; Universal Service subsidies; monopoly status Municipal –significant experience in providing public infrastructure service such as power, sewer, water; ownership of ROW; ability to do expeditionary marketing in untapped market segments; efficiencies in deploying infrastructure in conjunction with municipal construction requiring little to no incremental expense; access to small amounts of grant funding for rural “digital divide” projects

Long Term Strategies Private –maximize investments in existing infrastructure, minimize risk Municipal –World Domination