Evolution

Introduction F Cosmologies –Myth, Folklore, or Fact? –Western Traditions of Origin –Other Traditions

Age of Universe F Estimate: 15 Billion Years! –Earth: 4.6 billion years old

Evolution of Theory F Definition F Early Views – Greek philosophers – Judeo-Christian view – “Chain of Being” F Carolus Linnaeus ( ) – fixity of species – taxonomy

Theory of Evolution (cont.) F Jean Baptiste Lamarck ( ) – inheritability inheritability F Catastrophism Catastrophism – Georges Cuvier ( ) F Uniformitarianism (19th century) Uniformitarianism (19th century) F Thomas Malthus – population biologist population biologist

Theory of Evolution (cont.) F Charles Darwin ( ) Charles Darwin ( ) – English biologist/naturalist – 5 year world tour u H.M.S. Beagle u Galapagos Islands – Pacific Ocean near Ecuador – Finch Study Finch Study – Natural Selection – Origin of Species (1859) – The Descent of Man (1871)

Observed Examples of Natural Selection F Introduction F British Moths British Moths F DDT & House Flies F Antibiotics & Bacteria

Heredity F Gregor Mendel ( ) Gregor Mendel ( ) – Austrian monk / botanist – garden pea experiments – dominant and recessive – genotype vs. phenotype F Genes – units of heredity – alleles – homozygous vs. heterozygous – chromosomes

Population Genetics F Mutation – major source of variability F Genetic Drift –random process in small populations –founder’s principle F Gene flow –gene sharing through sexual reproduction –cline

Speciation F Definitions – species – speciation F Causes –separation –breeding times –mating displays / behavior –body structure –geographical barriers

Evolution of Life F Analogy –no shared ancestry –phenotypes that evolved for similar purpose –convergent evolution F Homology –shared ancestryshared ancestry –parallel evolution –adaptive radiationadaptive radiation

Punctuated Equilibrium F Punctuated Equilibrium or Gradual Evolution? Punctuated Equilibrium

Continental Drift F Plate Tectonics F Pangea Pangea

Scientific Creationism (Intelligent Design?) F Timeline F Great Flood F Empirical?