Georgia’s Early Native Tribes and Civilizations

Georgia’s Prehistoric Time Periods 1.) Paleo–Indian Period (10,000 – 8,000 B.C.E) B.C.E) 2.) Archaic Period (8,000 – 1,000 B.C.E.) 3.) Woodland Period (1,000 B.C.E - 1,000 C.E.) C.E.) 4.) Mississippian Period (1,000 – 1,600 C.E.)

Paleo-Indian Period Paleolithic Period – Old Stone Age Paleolithic Period – Old Stone Age Natives lived in small groups of 25 to 50 people, which are called Bands. Natives lived in small groups of 25 to 50 people, which are called Bands. In order to survive, these natives had to hunt and gather all of their food. In order to survive, these natives had to hunt and gather all of their food.

Paleo-Indian Period (cont.) Their diet mainly consisted of giant bison, mastodons, giant sloths, small animals, nuts, and wild fruit and vegetables. Their diet mainly consisted of giant bison, mastodons, giant sloths, small animals, nuts, and wild fruit and vegetables. These natives were nomads; they had to constantly move from place to place These natives were nomads; they had to constantly move from place to place Their life span (how long you live) was around 30 to 40 years. Why? Their life span (how long you live) was around 30 to 40 years. Why?

Paleo-Indian Period (cont.) The animals they hunted also provided materials for weapons, tools, clothing, and shelter. The animals they hunted also provided materials for weapons, tools, clothing, and shelter. Paleo-Indians also created clovis points and the atlatl Paleo-Indians also created clovis points and the atlatl These natives buried their dead. These natives buried their dead.

Clovis Points & Atlatl

Archaic Period Part of the Paleolithic Age – Old Stone Age Part of the Paleolithic Age – Old Stone Age They became dependant on a combination of hunting, gathering, and fishing. (deer, bear, rabbits, fish, berries, fruits. They became dependant on a combination of hunting, gathering, and fishing. (deer, bear, rabbits, fish, berries, fruits. Middens – heaps of shellfish and oyster shells have near the cost and the Savannah River Middens – heaps of shellfish and oyster shells have near the cost and the Savannah River

Archaic Period (cont.) Archaic Indians were nomads, but traveled less than Paleo- Indians. Archaic Indians were nomads, but traveled less than Paleo- Indians. Better hunting techniques (fire, atlatl, & clovis points Better hunting techniques (fire, atlatl, & clovis points Created pottery (moss, grass, & roots) Created pottery (moss, grass, & roots) Buried their dead with items that were important in life. Buried their dead with items that were important in life.

Woodland Period Part of the Neolithic Period – New Stone Age. Part of the Neolithic Period – New Stone Age. They hunted with the creation of the bow and arrow. They hunted with the creation of the bow and arrow. Agriculture developed during this period. Agriculture developed during this period. The development of agriculture caused the population to grow. The development of agriculture caused the population to grow.

Woodland Period (cont.) The Woodland Indians built burial mounds, made of earth and stone The Woodland Indians built burial mounds, made of earth and stone The mounds contained jewelry, pottery, and other important items The mounds contained jewelry, pottery, and other important items

Mississippian Period Part of the Neolithic Period Part of the Neolithic Period The Natives lived near rivers The Natives lived near rivers The Natives relied on agriculture – growing crops The Natives relied on agriculture – growing crops The Natives stored their crops in a warehouse. The Natives stored their crops in a warehouse. Permanent settlements were created. Why? Permanent settlements were created. Why?

Mississippian Period (cont.) A A Chiefdom was created, which was a few small villages ruled by a chief Mounds were created to bury the dead and store ceremonial items with the dead Mounds were near Cartersville, Ocmulgee, and Etowah Mounds were near Cartersville, Ocmulgee, and Etowah

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