3.1 Cell Theory   KEY CONCEPT Cells are the basic unit of life.

Many scientists contributed to the cell theory. The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope. 3.1 Cell Theory More was learned about cells as microscopes improved. The cell theory is a unifying concept of biology.

The cell theory has three principles. All organisms are made of cells. 3.1 Cell Theory All existing cells are produced by other living cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life.

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotic cells do not. All cells share certain characteristics. Cells tend to be microscopic. All cells are enclosed by a membrane. All cells are filled with cytoplasm. 3.1 Cell Theory Bacterium (colored SEM; magnification 8800x) cell membrane cytoplasm

Prokaryotes 1.Single-celled organisms EX - Bacteria Do not contain membrane bound organelles.Do not contain membrane bound organelles. Cell Wall with little genetic material insideCell Wall with little genetic material inside Some have a whip-like flagellum used as a motorSome have a whip-like flagellum used as a motor

Pro means “NO” – No nucleus –Lack most organelles –Earliest cells in history –Circular DNA in a nucleoid region: not separated from the rest of the cell –1-10 micrometers diameter –Include:  Bacteria  Archaea

Eukaryotes 1.Multicellular organisms -Kingdoms Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista 2. Eukaryotes have many organelles Some organelles have their own DNA such as mitochondria The cell city cell was a eukaryote 3. Contain membrane bound organelles

Eu means “YOU” Have a nucleus surrounded by its own membraneHave a nucleus surrounded by its own membrane Other internal organelles with membranesOther internal organelles with membranes Came later in historyCame later in history DNA contained in nucleusDNA contained in nucleus micrometers diameter (10 times larger than bacteria) micrometers diameter (10 times larger than bacteria) Include:Include: AnimalsAnimals PlantsPlants FungiFungi ProtistsProtists

Make a Table in your notebook pg. 50 and list the characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells  ___________________________________

Two types of Eukaryotic Cells: Plant and Animal

Plant Cell  A plant cell contains a few different structures compared to an animal cell.

Animal Cells

Eukaryotic Cells Compare their similarities and differences. Use your lab analysis questions and your drawings. Plant cell Animal cell

Eukaryotic Cells Plant Cell  Cell Wall  Chloroplast  Vacuole  Rigid shape Animal Cell  Lysosomes  Flagella/Cilia  Rounder shape Both Nucleus Cell membrane Nuclear envelope Mitochondria Ribosomes Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi bodies

Viruses  Viruses are simply protein coats surrounding genetic material.  They are NOT LIVING and are NOT CELLS!!  Examples Examples –Chicken Pox –Mononucleosis –HIV HIV –Hepatitis –Flu –Herpes

All eukaryotic cells have organelles  Each organelle has its own job but work together to perform essential function of cell.

Eukaryotic Organelles  Organelle – a membrane-bound structure that carries out specific activities in the cell –Organelles are separated from the cytoplasm by membranes