1. KEY CONCEPT Cells are the Basic unit of life.

2. The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope.
Many scientists contributed to the cell theory.

3. The cell theory grew out of the work of many scientists and improvements in the microscope.
Many scientists contributed to the cell theory.
More was learned about cells as microscopes improved.
The cell theory is a unifying concept of biology.

4. Early studies led to the development of the cell theory.
The Cell theory has three principles.
All organisms are made of cells.

5. Early studies led to the development of the cell theory.
The Cell theory has three principles.
All organisms are made of cells.
All existing cells are produced by other living cells.

6. Early studies led to the development of the cell theory.
The Cell theory has three principles.
All organisms are made of cells.
All existing cells are produced by other living cells.
The cell is the most basic unit of life.

7. All cells share certain characteristics. Cells tend to be microscopic.
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and most internal structures of eukaryotic cells.
All cells share certain characteristics.
Cells tend to be microscopic.
All cells are enclosed by a membrane.
All cells are filled with cytoplasm.
cell membrane
Bacterium
(colored SEM; magnification 8800x)
cytoplasm

8. There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.
Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane bound organelles.
nucleus
organelles
cell membrane

9. There are two cell types: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles.
nucleus
organelles
cell membrane
cytoplasm

10. KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities.

11. Cells have an internal structure.
The cytoskeleton has many functions.
supports and shapes cell
helps position and transport organelles
provides strength
assists in cell division
aids in cell movement

12. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.
The nucleus stores genetic information.

13. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.
Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum.

14. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.
Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum.
There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum.
rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum

15. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.
Proteins move from the ER to the Golgi apparatus.
The Golgi apparatus consists of closely-layered stacks of membrane enclosed spaces that process, sort, and deliver proteins that are transported to other places within the cell or outside the cell.

16. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins
Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued)
Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins.

17. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins
Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued)
Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins.
Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs that hold materials.

18. Other organelles have various functions.
Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.

19. Other organelles have various functions.
Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.
Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.

20. Other organelles have various functions.
Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.
Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.
Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.

21. Other organelles have various functions.
Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.
Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.
Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.
Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes.

22. Other organelles have various functions.
Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.
Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.
Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.
Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes.
Centrioles help divide DNA.

23. Other organelles have various functions.
Mitochondria supply energy to the cell.
Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials.
Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material.
Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes.
Centrioles help divide DNA.
Centrioles form cilia and flagella.

24. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.
A cell wall provides rigid support.

25. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.
A cell wall provides rigid support.
Chloroplasts convert solar energy to chemical energy.