1. CELLS The Basic Units of Life

2. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
What ARE cells?
What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?
Basic unit of life
Smallest structural and functional unit of ALL living things
All organisms made of 1 or more cells
Cell is basic unit of all living things
All cells come from existing cells

3. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4
What are the 2 types of cells?
Prokaryotic- Singled celled organisms without a nucleus; do have DNA & ribosomes (Pro = before; karyote = kernel)
Eukaryotic – Cells with a nucleus; have membrane-bound organelles ( “Eu” = good; karyote = kernel)

4. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4 Two Types of Cells

5. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4 Parts of the Cell
What do all cells have?
Cell Membrane – protective layer that covers cells surface an acts as a barrier separating the cell’s insides from its environment.
Organelles – small bodies in cell’s cytoplasm that perform a specific function
Genetic Material/DNA – all cells have DNA at some time; carries info to make new cells and new organisms; directs actions of cell

6. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4 Eukaryotic Cells
What are the parts of both Plant and Animal Cells? (shown with abbreviated jobs)
Cell Membrane – protective barrier
Cytoskeleton-web of proteins in cytoplasm; helps cell movement, shape and division
Nucleus- contains DNA
Ribosomes-make proteins
Endoplasmic Reticulum-ER: makes proteins, lipids, etc.
Mitochondrion – power source
Golgi Complex-packages/distributes proteins
Lysosome-(mainly animal cells) digestion

7. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4 Eukaryotic Cells
What do Plant Cells have that Animal Cells do not?
Cell Wall – rigid structure that gives support to a cell
Chloroplasts – where photosynthesis occurs, using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen
Large Central Vacuole – stores water and other liquids

8. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4 Organization of Living Things
What is the difference between Unicellular and Multicellular Organisms?
Unicellular Organisms – made of one cell; Examples: bacteria and archaea (prokaryotes); yeasts and some algae & protists (eukaryotes); need fewer resources; can live in harsher environments
Multicellular Organisms – made of multiple cells: plants, animals, some protists, fungi; starts as single cell; cells become differentiated /fixed / specialized

9. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4 Organization of Living Things
What are the characteristics of multicellular organisms?
Larger Size
Longer Life
Specialization

10. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4 From Cells to Organisms
What are the 4 levels or organization in a multicellular ogranism?
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems

11. Cells: Basic Units of Life – Ch. 4 Vocabulary
Section 1
cell organelle prokayrote
cell membrane nucleus eukaryote
Section 2
cell wall lysosome mitochondrion
cytoskeleton chloroplast ribosome
Golgi complex vesicle
endoplasmic reticulum
Section 3
organism tissue
function organ
structure organ system