Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Academic Vocabulary.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Academic Vocabulary

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations City-state (ciudad-estado) A city and the land surrounding it

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Military (fuerzas armadas) A fighting group, usually the army or navy

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Cuneiform (cuneiforme) Sumerian writing, wedged-shaped placed on clay tablets

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Monarch (monarca) A ruler with the title of king or queen

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Reign (reinar) The time period over which a monarch ruled September 5, 1638 – September 1, 1715

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Fertile Crescent (media lund fertil) The area that included the eastern region along the Mediterranean Sea and arches down through Mesopotamia to the Persian Gulf.

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Mesopotamia (Mesopotamia) The around between and around the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Hammurabi (Hammurabi) The Babylonian king who built an empire and created the first written (codified) legal system, the Code of Hammurabi.

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Codified (codificada) To write down in an organized manner.

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Terraced (terrazas) To take land on a hillside an cut “steps” into it to create flat areas to plant crops.

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Bible (la Biblia) At first, there was only the Old Testament that told the story of early Hebrew history. The New Testament was added that included the life of Jesus. It is the sacred book of all Christian religions.

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Commandments (mandamientos) A moral or ethical system that tell you right from wrong. The 10 Commandments are the “laws” followed by Christians and Jews

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Judaism (Judaismo) A monotheistic religion.

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Monotheism (monoteismo) The belief in one god. Christian religions, Judaism, and Islam are monotheisitc.

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Polytheism (politeismo) The belief in many gods. Hinduism, Shinto, Buddhism, and Animism are considered to be polytheistic religions.

Chapter 2 & 3 Early Civilizations Covenant (pacto) An agreement between two parties. God made and agreement between himself and the Hebrew people through Moses.