ESMWG Update to the SAB Peter Kareiva December 1, Dec-15 draft1

Purpose To request approval of two new members to fill vacancies on the ESMWG; extension of term of current member To provide an update on work to date on a report on Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning to be presented at the March 2011 meeting 17-Dec-152

New Members Two vacancies have been created as David Helweg and Gordon Kruse were unavailable to be reappointed The first term of Mike Beck is expiring in January 2011 The ESMWG has reviewed its need for expertise given the current tasking 17-Dec-153

Proposed Members THE ESMWG PROPOSES: 1.SAB Approval of a second 3-year term for Mike Beck 2.SAB Approval of Efi Foufoula [who has agreed to serve if appointed]. 3.SAB Approval of Jacquelyn Grebmeier [whose agreement to serve is pending] 17-Dec-15CMSP4

17-Dec-15CMSP5 Draft CMSP white paper The Ecosystem Sciences and Management Working Group (ESMWG) wants to engage with NOAA SAB members on the topic of Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning (CMSP) implementation. An ad hoc subcommittee of the ESMWG is preparing a white paper: “Strategic Advice for Designing and Implementing CMSP”; Interim findings in November 2010 with final report to follow in February 2011; the report will be presented at the March 2011 SAB meeting.

17-Dec-15CMSP6 Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning (CMSP): An idea whose time has come? Presidential Executive Order of 19-July sets a high bar for CMSP: Comprehensive Regional Integrated Resilient Ecosystem Based Management Best Available Science and Information

Criteria For Identifying CMSP Plans Multi-objective Spatially explicit Implementation in progress 17-Dec-15CMSP7

Preliminary List of Plans to Examine Germany [North Sea and Baltic Sea] California MLPA MD Oyster Plan St. Lucia Coastal Zoning Plan Baltic Sea Action Plan Belgium [North Sea] Wadden Sea – NL, DE, DK Netherlands [North Sea] Barents Sea Canada Oceans Act [MPAN] Large Ocean Management Areas – ESS Hawaii Ocean Resources Management Plan Massachusetts Ocean Plan Rhode Island Marine Ocean Special Area Management Plan Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority Australia’s Ocean Act – Marine Bioregional Planning United Kingdom [territorial sea] – Irish Sea Pilot (?) China – Marine Functional Zoning Green – review completed Red – review pending

17-Dec-15CMSP9 Interim Findings: A. Objectives i.Finding- Conceptual objectives (e.g., Conserve Diversity, Sustain Fisheries) are usually identified in formal mandates or policy. More operational objectives are identified during the planning process. An independent panel of experts is often used to help to operationalize objectives. ii. Finding - Few CMSP efforts were comprehensive (e.g., the Barents Sea plan in Norway). Most plans address a few objectives at a time (e.g., energy and biodiversity conservation) or single resources (e.g., oysters for habitat conservation, fisheries, aquaculture).

B. Scope Barents Sea Plan Wadden Sea Plan California MLPA Maryland ORADP Rhode Island SAMP All sectors considered? Yes No Yes How long did it take? 19 years from start 10+ years2 years Demanding steps Stakeholder engagement Planning interval Until 2020, 2-yr updates 6 years?5+ yearsongoing Funding structure National government 700k Euros per annum Public- private No new funds $6.6 million Spatial scale of plan 1.4 million km 2 11,000 km 2 14,347 km 2 > 10,000 km 2 3,800 km 2 Plan ecosystem =<=<< Implement- ation scale = same as plan < by country < by region= same as plan < state and federal

17-Dec-15CMSP11 B. Scope i.Finding- Most coastal plans were done across linear distances of <= 300 km (e.g., US State, EU country). States that have longer coastlines (e.g., California and Australia) divided their planning and implementation area into subregions. ii. Finding- Most plans were done at spatial scales smaller than the ecosystem scale. Furthermore, the implementation scale is often less than that of the spatial plan (i.e. Implementation scale < spatial plan < ecosystem scale). iii. Finding – There was wide disparity in the time from start to completion of plans (from 2 to 20 years). Those that were done more quickly appear to have comparatively less stakeholder involvement

17-Dec-15CMSP12 C. Authority i. Finding- There were few, if any, institutional changes made in governing bodies or legislation to accomplish or implement CMSP. The primary modus operandi is to call upon existing agencies to cooperate in producing CMSP plans using existing authorities.

17-Dec-15CMSP13 D. Data i. Finding- Few, if any, if the CMSP efforts have a clear plan or framework for data management and decision support after the effort is done. ii. Finding- Data have been used both analytically and illustratively in the planning efforts. iii. Finding- Few, if any, if the CMSP efforts have a clear plan or framework for collecting consistent data across all disciplines.

17-Dec-15CMSP14 E. Participants i.Finding- There is a wide disparity in how stakeholders are included, from largely Public Comment (e.g., MD) to active engagement of stakeholder groups in using Decision Support tools to identify spatial alternatives (CA). ii. Finding- Extensive stakeholder engagement appears to increase time, effort and cost of planning. It is unclear as of yet if it increases buy-in, feasibility or long-term success.

17-Dec-15CMSP15 F. Tools and Decision Support i. Finding- Formal trade-off analyses have rarely been used in CMSP efforts. ii. Finding- Decision support tools have not been widely used in planning efforts. The California Marine Life Protection Act is one significant counter example, which used tools such as MarineMap extensively. iii. Finding- Ecosystem services are frequently discussed but are rarely explicitly assessed in CMSP.

17-Dec-15CMSP16 G. Monitoring & Performance Measures i.Finding- Most plans do not provide for systematic monitoring and data management after the plan is implemented, which precludes adaptive management. ii. There is little if any evidence that there will be monitoring to assess if implemented plans either reduce conflicts or make management more efficient (e.g., approving permits is easier in certain zones).

17-Dec-15CMSP17 Actions to Be Taken A.Complete characterizations of case studies; B. Engage with NOAA CMSP Staff in a teleconference on interim findings; C. Prepare Report for full ESMWG vetting Feb 1-2; D. Revise report to Final version in time for NOAA SAB Spring meeting

17-Dec-15CMSP18 Comments/Questions The ESMWG requests comments on this workplan and would be happy to answer any questions (in person or via ). What cautions do you have about possible misinterpretations, important nuances, or critical issues NOT addressed ? (because DRAFT— there is no need to probe specific findings now)

THANK YOU QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS? 17-Dec-15CMSP19