R&D  BBC MMX BBC Second Screens Study Maxine Glancy (BBC) & Connor Graham (freelance researcher)

R&D Objectives Objectives Objectives and outcomes of study To examine how second screens (e.g. a mobile phone, surfaces) are utilised by the audience To examine how second screens affect family and domestic life 1. How can we define notions of ‘primary’ and ‘secondary’ with regard to displays and screens in domestic settings? 2. What relevant work to media use (e.g. queries into scheduling, concurrent use) do people do with second screens? 3. What is the possible relationship between second screens and family relationships? Research questions  BBC MMX

R&D Part 1: Technology Review & Literature Review  BBC MMX

R&D Examples of screens  BBC MMX

R&D Examples of screens  BBC MMX

R&D Background literature Domestic technology in the home The importance of routines (Crabtree and Rodden, 2004) –“prime sites for technology” –“the convergence of media” –“communication places” - “ecological habitats”, “activity centres”, “coordinate displays” Particular challenges for designing ubiquitous systems (Edwards and Grinter, 2001) –technology in homes ‘evolves’ –designing for the social aspects of use (e.g. awareness)  BBC MMX

R&D Relevant literature Interruption (e.g. Rouncefield et al., 1994) The importance of the ecology of coordination and awareness and local knowledge in that achievement Domestic information appliances (e.g. Neustaedter et al., 2006) There is scope for a series of technologies that support particular work in the family (e.g. coordination and awareness) Domestic surfaces (Grønbæk & Petersen, 2004) Surfaces help coordinate home life and different surfaces structure the activities of particular area in the home (cf. Crabtree and Rodden, 2004) Horizontal surfaces (Salovaara et al., 2008) Horizontal surfaces are positioned to support home activities while being subject to physical constraints (e.g. wiring) ‘Stuff’ is positioned in particular ways on surfaces depending on their material qualities e.g. piles  BBC MMX

R&D Relevant Literature An additional screen as an EPG (Cruickshank et al., 2007) builds on the notion that the second screen augments or extends the ‘first screen’ supports ‘leaning back’ and controlling television content and responds to research questioning the navigability of EPGs Superior legibility of text on PDA screen and novelty factor very important “The second screen system we have developed and tested offers significant advantages over conventional remote controls when using iTV services: users show a strong preference for this system over conventional remote controls, something we attribute primarily to the mobility of the PDA and its superior visualization of service information.”  BBC MMX

R&D Part 2: Home Study  BBC MMX

R&D  BBC MMX Home Study The ubiquity and pervasiveness of screens was confirmed Some concern about the level of screen usage

R&D Home Study: findings The particularity of display use across family members Multiple, simultaneous and continuous display use Screens were largely decoupled in terms of work and content There was both ‘active’ and ‘passive’ engagement with screens ‘  BBC MMX

R&D Home Study: findings  BBC MMX Screens were placed with care in homes often with a trajectory Rhythms of ownership and use of particular screens Screens have associated rules and conventions concerning e.g. access and use Certain Screen couplings and dependencies in certain areas. Conflict around accessing displays is often resolved through purchasing another display The spread of immediacy into the home.

R&D Home Study: findings There was limited visible decision-making around displays The importance of ‘work arounds’ across screens. There is movement within the home while engaging with screens  BBC MMX

R&D Part 3: R&D work: API development for CANVAS  BBC MMX

R&D Part 4: Multi-touch Demo: & evaluation  BBC MMX

R&D Multi-touch Demo iTV application - “The Apprentice” - Supplementing program experience - Multiple users input choices - Remote user input displayed - Personal against national results shown - Wider social network engaged in engaging with the TV experience  BBC MMX

R&D Multi-touch Demo: Initial findings The clarity of the statistics at the end of interaction Make the meaning of the numbers at the end clear e.g. support comparison across users. The ‘place’ of the household in a national context Position local interactions in terms of the country i.e. add national figures. The impact of household interactions Make interaction count e.g. votes that contribute to the outcome. The social networks engaged with Enable the selection and filtering of remote friends. The quality of the interaction supported Support richer display and interaction e.g. numbers at the end, text input and display, richer views and opinions being expressed  BBC MMX

R&D Considerations Certain material designs enforce certain social configurations with regard to personal positioning relative to the display. Layout/visuals -use content/graphics that can be seen from the ‘appropriate’ distance/posture. ‘Spacing’ activities out to complement the primary programme content, and physical arrangement of users. Don’t distract from the ‘critical moments’. –complement programme & user. An opportunity to start with co-present, social situations and then build technologies that support, augment and enhance this ‘togetherness’ and ‘meetingness’  BBC MMX

R&D The research questions How can we define notions of ‘primary’ and ‘secondary’ with regard to displays and screens in domestic settings? This relationships change over time and are not ‘cast in stone’ What is key to understanding ‘primary’ and secondary is the work people do across two screens New useful terms are “engaging” and “ambient” displays involving “passive” and “active” use What relevant work to media use (e.g. queries into scheduling, concurrent use) do people do with second screens? People largely temporally decouple their use of screens but... People do a set of related work (navigating TV schedules, reading news items) that could be associated with a ‘primary’ screen What is the possible relationship between second screens and family relationships? Largely screens are an integral part of family life, especially for younger people However parents have concerns regarding access to inappropriate content via screens and disengagement through multiple screen use  BBC MMX

R&D Thanks Detailed report and presentation available, if you want a copy contact me on…  BBC MMX