MAC Presented by: Lynsie Kamppi, Del Marie Patton, and Maureen Horsch

Specific Term MAC(Mycobacterium avium complex) MIC(Mycobacterium intracellulare complex) MAC affects lungs, spleen, lymph nodes, and intestines

Characteristics Found in HIV patients or individuals with compromised immune systems One of many different types of Mycobacterium species Classified as an acid-fast gram positive bacilli Slender, nonmotile, and does not produce spores or capsules Composed of aerobic species Grows slowly, often requiring a month or more to form a visible colony on an agar surface Usually found in people with under 50 T4 cells Outer cell walls consist of mycolic acids, making the cells resistant to desiccation and to staining with water based dyes Chemotrophs(use various metabolic pathways) Enters through airways and invades macrophages where they become overwhelmed by replicating bacilli and die

Resistance to Rifampin and INH Rifampin resistance results from chromosomal mutation that alters the binding site on an enzyme INH(Isoniazid) resistance is due to random mutations of bacterial chromosomes that result in reduced drug uptake or alterations of target sites

Exchange DNA Method The DNA exchange method is transformation, because it kills macrophages and the bacteria takes over.

Treatment Suggested treatment would be azithromycin or clarithromycin. Effective treatment should continue for life

Prognosis Most likely the patient will not conform to taking this treatment for life The Mycobacterium may become resistant to these drugs The HIV virus will eventually take the patients life

Precautions Drinking water should be boiled Avoid contact with animals, especially birds and bird droppings. Pigeons carry MAC Avoid raw food and unpasteurized dairy products