Hierarchical Topology Design

2 Topology Design Topology is a map of an___________ that indicates network segments, interconnection points, and user communities. Show the ___________ of the network. ______ step in the logical design phase. Performed before selecting ________ products or technologies.

3 Network Design Model Mesh The net topology is ____; all routers perform essentially the _____ functions, and there is usually __ clear definition of where specific functions are performed. Hierarchical. The network is organized in _____ that each have one or more specific functions.

4 Mesh Design Problem Too many CPU adjacencies. Too many ________. CPU workload required for routers to communicate with many other _____s and process _______________. ______ to optimize, troubleshoot, and upgrade.

5 Mesh Topology Partial MeshFull Mesh

6 Flat Loop TopologyHierarchical Redundant Topology

7 A Partial-Mesh Hierarchical Design Headquarters (Core Layer) Regional Office (Distribution Layer) Branch Offices (Access Layer)

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9 Benefit of Hierarchical Design Scalability – Networks can grow much larger without sacrificing control or manageability because functionality is _________ and potential problems can be _______ more easily. E.g., PSTN Ease of implementation – Clear functionality at _________, thereby making network implementation easier. Ease of troubleshooting – The functions of the individual layers are well defined, and thus _________ of problems in the network is less complicated.

10 Benefit of Hierarchical Design (cont.) Predictability – The ________ of a network using functional layers is fairly predictable, which makes ___________ for growth considerably easier.. Protocol support – The ________ of current and future applications and protocols is much easier on networks that follow the principles of _________ design because the underlying infrastructure is already ___________ organized. Manageability – All the benefits listed here contribute to greater manageability of the network.

11 Functional Layers in Hierarchical network design Core layer Provides optimal _________ between sites Distribution layer Provides _________-based connectivity Access layer Provides _______ and _____ access to the network

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14 Redundant Path

15 Core Layer Use routing features that optimize packet _____________. Avoid using _________ or other features that __________ the manipulation of packets. Optimize for __________ and good manageability.

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17 Distribution Layer Include functions such as : Address or area __________ __________ or workgroup access to the core layer __________/_________ domain definition _________ LAN (VLAN) routing Any_______ transitions that need to occur Security

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19 Access-Layer Functions _________ bandwidth __________ bandwidth MAC-layer filtering _____segmentation

20 Guidelines for Hierarchical Network Design Control the _________ of a hierarchical enterprise network topology. Provide low and predicable _________ Predict routing path, ________, and ___________ requirement. Make troubleshooting and network documentation easier.

21 Guidelines (cont.) Strict control of network topology at the access layer should be maintained. Avoid adding a ______ and Avoid ________ Core layer Distribution Layer Access Layer

22 Guidelines (cont.) Design the __________ first. More accurately perform _______ planning for the distribution and core layer. Design each layer using ________ and hierarchical techniques and then plan the interconnections between layers based on your analysis of _________.

23 Redundant Network Design Topologies Meet requirements for network availability by _______ network links and interconnectivity devices. ________ paths _________________

24 Each site mainly access its local ________.

25 WAN Link

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27 Traffic only Goes Up to Where Is ___________

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