1. Chapter-6
Access Network Design

2. Topics Network Design Layers Application layer
Premises Architecture or Local Enterprise Architecture Layer
Access layers
Backbone Layers
Access Layer design
Network Topology and Hardware
Ubiquitous Access
Hierarchical Access

3. Network Design Layers The four general layers of Network design-
Application
Access
Premises
Back bone

4. Network Design Layers Summary of Cisco model-
Core: this is the core or backbone of the network. the core to be reliable and fast. No filtering or packet manipulation is done so as not to affect speed.
Distribution: as the core layer is about speed, the distribution layer is about control. The distribution layer implements network policies of security.
Access: access controls user and workgroup to the network

5. Network Design Layers

6. Application Layer
Application layer defines what is transported and how.
The application layer defines the various protocols( TCP/IP) and the services(DNS, DHCP,FTP and NFS) that the lower layer protocol need to support and transport.
Application layer covers all the OSIRM layers, not just the application layer

7. Premises Architecture or Local Enterprise Architecture Layer
This layers defines the hardware and software that make up the desktop, servers and local area networking within a premises .
This layer can operate across all the OSIRM layers

8. Access Layer
This layer defines the premises layer access or interface to the back bone layer or WAN and communication between the premises layer (typically LAN)and backbone(WAN).
A typical access device could be a router , L2 switch(FR, ATM, Ethernet) integrated access device cable , wireless modem or any device that provides communication between the premises and the backbone

9. Backbone Layer
This layers defines the backbone transport, switching , and routing between access layer elements. It is generally transparent to the access portion of the network.
To the user , the backbone can be a carrier-provided switched device

10. Access Layer Design
Access layers design involves selecting or modifying the LAN, MAN, dial or dedicated access topology .
Before beginning the process of traffic analysis , capacity planning, and network infrastructure design,
You first need to assess information you have collected in five key areas -

11. Access Layer Design…..
Physical connectivity: is there an existing network? If so , what are the physical and logical configuration and why ?
Protocols: Networks that have been around for long time are typically multiprotocol and require some consolidation for optimal design
Switching versus routing: Do you have LAN switches, routers or both ? When and where does make sense to switch and route ?
QoS: which application need to support QoS, and what level of QoS do they need.
Fix versus mobiles SOHO: how many users are fixed on corporate LANs require mobiles access ?

12. Network Topology and Hardware
The Network topology for the access layer includes LAN, remote access, and dedicated access method. When reviewing options, keep in mind the following-
Scalability and flexibility
Reliability and availability
Performance
Security

13. Network Topology and Hardware
The Network topology for the access layer includes LAN, remote access, and dedicated access method. When reviewing options, keep in mind the following-
Scalability and flexibility
Reliability and availability
Performance
Security

14. Ubiquitous Access
Ubiquitous Access approach allow all users to transmit and receive data from all areas of the network across a shared device or medium.
This is sometimes called the matrix or flat approach.

15. Ubiquitous Access

16. Hierarchical Access
Hierarchical design provided a user access hierarchy in which traffic destined for its own local , metropolitan and wide area remains in that geographical area rather than accessing common switch or routing point to the backbone .

17. Hierarchical Access