Kyle Rafferty Biomedical Engineering
Overview What are CTC’s? Why is detection important? Older methods of detection Immunomagnetic beads Flat silicon substrates New Advancement Silicon nanopillar substrate Sources
CTC’s Circulating Tumor Cells Metastasis Deadly Cancer becoming biggest killer in world (WHO) Most common death from metastasis Helpful to know amount in bloodstream Examining cancer metastasis Predicting patient prognosis Monitoring cancer
Previous Methods Immunomagnetic Beads “Utilizes capture-agent-coated magnetic beads to immunologically recognize CTCs in the blood, followed by magnetic isolation. However, these bead-based approaches are limited by their low CTC-capture yield and purity.” Use ferrofluids(microscopic iron particles)/antibodies and magnets to extract CellSearch Flat Silicon Substrate 1x2 cm silicon chip Coated with streptavidin and anti-EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule antibody)
Silicon Nanopillar Substrate Build much like flat silicon 1x2 cm silicon ship Built by lithographic tools used for computer chips Difference: Nanopillars Diameter~ nm; Length~20um Also coated with streptavidin and anti- EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule antibody)
SiNP Substrate cont. Researchers found maximum cell- capture numbers were at 45 min. incubation time As compared to 3-4 hrs for previous method This is more efficient and therefore would probably cut costs PBS: Phosphate buffered Saline. Very common biological solution.
Diagram: how SiNP works
Diagram: Si vs. SiNP
Future Use Researchers hope to achieve 84-91% detection Will allow faster detection of cancer’s Allow Doctor’s to customize treatment plan Increase early detection and survival rates
Sources Wang, Shutao. “Three-Dimensional Nanostructured Substrates toward Efficient Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells.” Angewandte Chemie International Edition 48 (2009): Jan bin/fulltext/ /PDFSTART (impact factor: ) (2) Berger, Michael. “Nanotechnology trap captures cancer cells in blood.” Nanowerk, Nov Jan Wikipedia contributors. "Metastasis." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 23 Jan Web. 26 Jan Stobbe, Mike. “Cancer top killer in world by 2010.” The Seattle Times, 10 Dec Jan html