Classification of Living Things

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Presentation transcript:

Classification of Living Things Chapter 8 Section 2

Who developed the scientific naming system? Carolus Linnaeus

What is binomial nomenclature? A two word naming system used to name organisms Example- Panthera leo

What language is used for binomial nomenclature? Latin

First word of scientific name Genus Represents a group of similar species Always written with a capital letter and italicized when possible Example- Panthera

Second word of scientific name Species Represents a feature of an organism, identifies a place, or honors a person Written in lower case and italicized when possible Example- leo in the scientific name Panthera leo Can mate and produce fertile offspring

Why are scientific names used? Four reasons Avoid mistakes- many organisms have more than one common name Organisms with similar evolutionary histories are classified together Scientific names give descriptive information about a species Information about organisms are organized easily and efficiently

What characteristics do today’s scientists use to help them classify? Similarities in structure Fossils Hereditary information Early stages of development

What is Phylogeny? Evolutionary information about an organism (how it has changed over time)

what are the 7 levels of classification? Kingdom Six different ones- Animals, Plants, Fungi, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, and Protists Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species The more levels that are shared, the more closely related organisms are

Examples of Classification levels

MOre Examples

Which ones are more closely related?

Classification Rap

NAME AND DESCRIBE TWO TOOLS FOR IDENTIFYING ORGANISMS Field Guides- contains descriptions and pictures of organisms and information about where they live Dichotomous Keys- a list of paired statements that identify characteristics of organisms; unique to type of organism being identified

Create a dichotomous key Step 1 a. Vehicle is red Go to step 2 b. Vehicle is not red Go to step 3 Step 2 a. Vehicle has a stripe Camaro b. Vehicle has no stripe Mustang Step 3 a. Vehicle is yellow Corvette b. Vehicle is not yellow Go to step 4 Step 4 a. Vehicle is an SUV Acadia b. Vehicle is not an SUV Sonata

More dichotomous key practice Step 1 a. Shoe is a hightop Go to step 2 b. Shoe is not a hightop Go to step 3 Step 2 a. Shoe has a star on it Converse b. Shoe does not have a star on it Nike Step 3 a. Shoe is mostly black Nike b. Shoe is not mostly black Go to step 4 Step 4 a. Shoe is mostly white Reebok b. Shoe is mostly red Puma