1. Ch. 17: Organizing Life’s Diversity
Unit 4

2. Classification – Taxonomy (study of classification)
A. Aristotle = devised and early classification system in which all life was a plant or an animal.
B. Carolus Linnaeus = first to base classification on physical and structural similarities of organisms
C. Every organism on earth has 2 names – binomial nomenclature. First is the genus (ex: Homo) and second is the species (ex: sapien)

3. D. Arrangement from broad to specific
1. Six Kingdoms
A. Eubacteria = prokaryotic, unicellular live in air and water
B. Archaebacteria = prokaryotic, unicellular live in harsh conditions (very salty water, sewage & extreme)
C. Protist = eukaryotic cells, some are autotrophs, some are heterotrophs; most well known are algae, amoeba, paramecium, euglena

4. 2. Kingdoms are divided into Phylums ClassesOrdersFamiliesGenus
Species

5. D. Fungi = eukaryotic, all are. heterotrophs, multicellular
D. Fungi = eukaryotic, all are heterotrophs, multicellular decomposers of world. Ex: mushrooms, puffballs
E. Plants = eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophs, producers – carry out photosynthesis
F. Animals = Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophs, consumers

6. II. How to Classify
A. Use a dichotomous key by determining if a feature is present or not.
B. Cladistics show how an organism may have evolved
C. Phylogeny = classification shows evolutionary history of a species
D. Cladogram = a family tree arranged by common ancestors