CHAPTER 3 LESSON 1 MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS BY SOPHIE AND HAILEY

WHAT MAKES UP CELLULAR ORGANISMS? Cells are the smallest living parts of plants and animals. Cells have the same needs as any organism. Cells carry out many of the same activities. Cells are made of smaller parts, each having a specialized job.

CELLS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS Cells are the basic units of all living things. A single drop of blood holds millions of red blood cells. Cells take in food and get rid of wastes. Cellular respiration is the combining of oxygen and food, such as sugar, to get energy.

THE PARTS OF CELLS The membrane surrounds the cell and holds the parts of the cell together. A vacuole is surrounded by a membrane and contains fluids. Ribosomes are organelles that begin the process of making proteins.

THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF CELLS If a cell is too small, there would not be enough room for all of it’s parts. If a cell is too large, oxygen and other materials could not travel to all parts of the cell fast enough to keep the cell alive. Many cells have a special shape that fits the job the cells do.

CELLS FORM TISSUES Cells often work with tissues. A tissue is a group of the same kind of cells that work together to do the same job. Muscle cells group in bundles to make up muscle tissue.

TISSUES FORM ORGANS Tissues join with other types of tissue to form organs. An organ is a group of different tissues that join together into one structure. Your heart, eyes, ears, and stomach are all organs.

ORGAN SYSTEMS An organ system is a group of organs that work together to carry out a life process. Blood cells, blood vessels, and the heart work together to move materials through the body. The mouth, stomach, intestines, and other organs work together to digest food.

THE TRANSPORT OF NUTRIENTS AND WASTES In many animals, blood transports nutrients to the cells of the body. Blood is a tissue of the circulatory system.

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