Velocity Acceleration AND. Changing velocities means it is NON-uniform motion - this means the object is accelerating. m/s 2 m/s /s OR = ∆t∆t ∆v∆v a P(m)

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Presentation transcript:

Velocity Acceleration AND

Changing velocities means it is NON-uniform motion - this means the object is accelerating. m/s 2 m/s /s OR = ∆t∆t ∆v∆v a P(m) t(s)

Keywords Average velocity Instantaneous velocity

POSITION (m) TIME (s) v = 2 m/s [E] v = Uniform motion - average velocity is the same as instantaneous velocity on a P-T graph. Instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific instant in time

POSITION (m) TIME (s) To find velocity for a specific time, you must estimate by making a straight line at that point. Slope of this line gives instantaneous velocity for that specific time on the curve.

POSITION (m) TIME (s) A P-T graph with a changing slope means motion with changing velocity (non-uniform / acceleration) v = + 2 m/s v = + 5 m/s

Acceleration and non-uniform motion

Origin - + P(m) T(s) P - T Graph + slope Positive (+) Straight line Moderate slope Moving to the right Uniform (+) velocity Slow velocity

Origin - + P(m) T(s) P - T Graph + ↑ slope Positive (+) Increasing slope Moving to the RIGHT Increasing (+) velocity (+) Acceleration

Origin ↑ slope P(m) T(s) P - T Graph d1d1 d2d2 Negative (-) Increasing slope Moving to the LEFT Increasing (-) velocity (-) Acceleration

Origin ↓ slope P(m) T(s) P - T Graph d2d2 d1d1 Positive (+) Decreasing slope Moving to the RIGHT Decreasing (+) velocity (-) Acceleration

Origin ↓ slope P(m) T(s) P - T Graph d1d1 d2d2 Negative (-) Decreasing slope Moving to the LEFT Decreasing (-) velocity (+) Acceleration

The Sign of Acceleration

Velocity and Acceleration have SAME sign: object is SPEEDING UP Velocity and Acceleration have OPPOSITE sign: object is SLOWING DOWN

 Acceleration is calculated as the change in velocity over the change in time.  Acceleration has units of distance/time/time such as m/s/s (m/s 2 )  Acceleration is a vector quantity.

Motion is described in words. Motion is described with a (data) table of values. Motion is described with a graph. Motion is describe with equations. The study of motion (Kinematics) involves: Position, Velocity, Acceleration