Diabetic Youth Care Association (DYCA) Evaluation Study Diabetic Awareness Questionnaire “Bullack District Hospital” “Bullack District Hospital” Dr. Nihad Amer Mossaad Medical Director, Bullack Hospital

Introduction: m. 135 m. > 200 m. 98% in Africa 97% in M. East 330 m. by 2025 WHO: Pub. awareness is essential in tackling the various health challenges of the 21st century.

- - Lack of public awareness and improper knowledge of diabetes leads to increased prevalence of complications and hospital admissions with subsequent increase in degree of disability and costs of treatment Lee ET, et al Diabetes Care 2000; (23) WHO: Fact sheet No. 236; Nov Soliman EWIS, et al Diabetes May 1997; 46(suppl. 1)

- Our Local Situation: - A high prevalence of diabetes - Nearly one out of two patients who have the disease still undiagnosed - We have a poor degree of public awareness by symptoms of diabetes and its complications. Soliman EWIS, et al Diabetes May 1999; 48(Suppl. 1) Soliman EWIS, Diabetes In the Arab world (Conference) Bahrain 2000, (May 19, 2006)

- Aim of the Work: - To determine the current level of public awareness of diabetes, in order to justify the guidelines for the development of educational interventions adaptable to the local situation

DYCA Main Message Awareness Education Prevention Combat Complications of Diabetes

- Methods: - A cross sectional survey standard questionnaire in Arabic language - Those who included in the study were not selected by any way other than they were all ignorant of being diabetics, who attended the out patient clinics at the Bullack District. Hospital during the period of January to July months period.

-Methods: (Questionnaire) - Name Address Address Age Age Gender (Male/ Female) Gender (Male/ Female) Social Status (Married/ Divorced/ Single/ Widow) Social Status (Married/ Divorced/ Single/ Widow) Occupation Occupation - Beside the demographic characteristics of the participants, the questionnaire included basic questions about symptoms, complications and treatment of diabetes

-Methods: (Questionnaire) patients completed the questionnaire (130 F and 70 M), they were medically supervised 2 visits/week in diabetes clinic. - Each participant completing the questionnaire had the opportunity to discuss his/her answers with one of the interviewers, with particular attention being given to incorrect answers. - Hygiene / Diet / exercise health education instructions were explained to them.

- Results: Gender - Results: Gender 130 Females 30 < 20 years old Juvenile Diabetes 35 Above 60 years old 65 “Fertility Age” yrs

70 Males 20 < 20 years old Juvenile Diabetes yrs

- Referred from outpatient clinics. Antenatal Care Clinic. Antenatal Care Clinic. Surgical Outpatient Clinics. Surgical Outpatient Clinics. Gynecology & Obstetric Outpatient Clinic. Gynecology & Obstetric Outpatient Clinic. Renal Dialyses Unit. Renal Dialyses Unit. Ophthalmology Clinic. Ophthalmology Clinic. Dermatology Clinic. Dermatology Clinic. Dental Clinic. Dental Clinic.

Education Level 70% illiterate. 70% illiterate. 30% less than primary education. 30% less than primary education. Carbohydrates and Fats main component. (> 87%) Carbohydrates and Fats main component. (> 87%) No Animal protein. (23%) No Animal protein. (23%) Diet

Occupation 30% House Wives “non working”. 30% House Wives “non working”. 20% Street Children. 20% Street Children. 50% Blue Collar Workers 50% Blue Collar Workers Exercise & Life Style 65% Sedentary Life. 35% Heavy Workers

Presenting Symptoms and Signs

Awareness by Symptoms: 72 % failed to nominate any symptom 72 % failed to nominate any symptom Only 14 % mentioned 2 or more symptoms Only 14 % mentioned 2 or more symptoms Polyurea and Polydepsia in combination recognized only by 2% Polyurea and Polydepsia in combination recognized only by 2%

Awareness by Complications: 81 % failed to nominate any complication 81 % failed to nominate any complication Only 4 % mentioned more than 2 complications Only 4 % mentioned more than 2 complications Awareness by symptoms and complications is better among the educated and those with family history of diabetes Awareness by symptoms and complications is better among the educated and those with family history of diabetes

Misconceptions about Diabetes. Sugar particles appear on skin. Sugar particles appear on skin. Sweet taste in mouth. Sweet taste in mouth.

Believed Risks leading to Diabetes. No. = Lack of Exercise 10.8 Eating Too Much CHO 23 Over Weight 59 Inherited (%)

How is Diabetes Treated? No. = Don ’ t know 8 Insulin 33 Tablets 21 Diet (%)

Conclusion 1- The level of public knowledge of diabetes is almost absent, although the disease is common in our area. 2- Public education to raise awareness of diabetes should be a priority in health promotion % improvement Juvenile diabetes group due to exercise / diet / hygiene education beside regular clinic visits twice a week and medication given.

Conclusion 4- The questionnaire was useful to highlighting areas of weakness & accordingly some conclusions had been drawn regarding the development of educational interventions adaptable to the local situation % improvement in type II diabetes although they suffered severe complication. They were under control due to medication / diet restriction / hygiene education. (Smoking and addiction very common habit was restricted and forbidden 5%).

Final conclusion Awareness is vital factor to prevent diabetes morbidity and mortality

THANKS TO Bullack Hospital Medical Team Bullack Hospital Medical Team&DYCA For their great help to accomplish this study

THANK YOU