Active Transport B4d

Odd One Out Iron Potassium Phosphorus Magnesium Nitrogen

Task Analyse the data on mineral content in natural and artificial fertilisers. Complete worksheet B4d1 (Grade D/E) 5-10 minutes. What are the key minerals needed by plants? Why do they need them?

OBJECTIVES Key Objective Describe the importance of mineral uptake for healthy growth in plants and how it is down Describe the role of minerals in healthy plant growth (D) Describe the signs of mineral deficiency in plants (C) Describe the function of active transport (B) Explain why active transport is necessary (A) Explain why active transport needs energy (A*)

Minerals in Plants Mineral Use Deficiency symptoms Explanation Nitrate ions (NO3) Building proteins and growth Poor growth and yellow leaves All amino acids contain nitrogen. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. Phosphate ions (PO4) Respiration and growth Poor root growth and discoloured leaves A component of DNA molecules and cell membranes Potassium ions (K+) Respiration and photosynthesis Poor flower and fruit growth, discoloured leaves Must be present for photosynthesis and respiration enzymes to work Magnesium ions (Mg2+) Photosynthesis Yellow leaves Chlorophyll molecules contain magnesium ions. It's the magnesium that makes chlorophyll green.

Task Split a double page spread in your book into 4 sections with the following headings in each: The minerals needed by plants (D) Signs of deficiency (C) What the plant uses them for (B) Fill each section – 15 minutes. Leave the 4th section for now – you will fill that in later. How does the plant get these minerals? Where from?

Active transport To movement of substances against a concentration gradient and/or across a cell membrane The process uses energy

Rate of active transport depends on the rate of respiration Rate of respiration

Why? Important in both plants & animals Allows the absorption of dilute minerals into the plant against a concentration gradient ANIMALS Allows the absorption of glucose (essential for respiration within nervous tissue) into the blood from the kidneys and ileum against a concentration gradient

and. depend on a. gradient in the right direction to work ............... and ............... depend on a ............... gradient in the right direction to work. Substances are moved .............. a gradient by ............... ............... which uses ............... produced by ............... Osmosis Active Energy Respiration Diffusion Concentration Against Transport

Questions Explain how active transport works in a cell Give some examples of a situations when a substance cannot be moved into a cell by osmosis or diffusion, and how active transport solves the problem The processes of diffusion and osmosis do not need energy to take place. Why does an organism have to provide energy for active transport and where does it come from? Explain why cyanide is such an effective poison

Place these features in the correct part of the Venn Diagram DIFFUSION OSMOSIS Place these features in the correct part of the Venn Diagram Involves water only Requires energy Is passive Movement of particles Needs a semi-permeable membrane High to low concentration Against a concentration gradient Occurs in nature How minerals get into root hair cells How oxygen leaves a leaf How water keeps plant cells turgid Involves transport of solutes ACTIVE TRANSPORT

What was your score…? DIFFUSION OSMOSIS ACTIVE TRANSPORT Involves water only How oxygen leaves a leaf Is passive High to low concentration How water keeps plant cells turgid Movement of particles What was your score…? Occurs in nature Involves transport of solutes Needs a semi-permeable membrane Requires energy How minerals get into root hair cells Against a concentration gradient ACTIVE TRANSPORT