Ch. 2 - Matter I. States of Matter  Kinetic Molecular Theory  States of Matter

Definitions:  Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space.  Mass- the amount of matter the object contains.  Which has a greater mass?

Definitions  Substance – matter that has a uniform and definite composition.  Is every sample of matter a substance?

A. Kinetic Molecular Theory  KMT  Particles of matter are always in motion.  The kinetic energy (speed) of these particles increases as temperature increases.

B. States of Matter  Solids  very low KE - particles vibrate but can’t move around  fixed shape  fixed volume

B. States of Matter  Liquids  low KE - particles can move around but are still close together  variable shape  fixed volume

B. States of Matter  Gases  high KE - particles can separate and move throughout container  variable shape  variable volume

4. Plasma  high temperature state in which atoms lose their electrons  Ex. the sun B. States of Matter

CHANGES OF STATE Melting – solid to liquid Freezing - liquid to solid Vaporization – liquid to gas Condensation – gas to liquid Sublimation – solid to gas or gas to solid

STATES OF MATTER Name: _______________________ Period: _________ SolidLiquidGas Shape Volume Attractive Forces Expansion Compressibility Atom Movement In each box draw the molecules of that state of matter. For each arrow, label the change of state that occurs. (Note: there are 6 arrows total!)

CHANGES OF STATE The same substance can transform into each state of matter by increasing or decreasing in energy. Sublimation Deposition Melting Vaporization Freezing Condensation

MATTER AND CHANGE Property SolidLiquidGas ShapeDefiniteIndefinite VolumeDefinite Indefinite Attractive ForcesStrongWeakNone ExpansionVery slightModerateGreat CompressibilityAlmost none Readily Atom MovementVibrationFlowingFree