The Practice of Occupational Medicine Presented By: Dr. Majid Golabadi Occupational Medicine Specialist

Location of Occupational Illnesses & Injuries among Leading causes of Morbidity & Mortality in … 5 Nearly half of all injuries in some age groups !

Occupational Fatalities Ranking 8

Financial Costs of Occupational Illnesses & Injuries Exceed $150 billion per year The Human Costs Staggering!!?

The ILO estimates that : The World ’ s Work Force suffers More than 1 Billion Accidents Every Year. Over 2 million People are killed by Their Work Every Year. More than 6% of National Incomes Cause Permanent Disabilities & Economic Losses

The WHO estimates that : There are at least 250 million Cases of Occupational Disease Worldwide!!! with an Unknown additional toll on National Incomes !?

How much of all injury cases result in Loss of Work ? One- third

What Percent of those Severely Disabled from an Occupational Disease receive Workers ’ Compensation Benefits? 5 %

How many Chemicals are found in Work Settings? How many Workers are exposed to these Substances? Many Millions More than Half a Million

What is the most common Occupational Respiratory Disease ? Asth ma

How much of new-onset Asthma in adults is Work-related ? 20 %

Workplace Exposure to Carcinogens All Cancer Cases 5-10 % Less than 0.1 % of cancer patient ever receive any settlement from employers !!!

How many Lung Cancer Cases in Men & Women are Work- related? % 2%

How many Occupational Exposures cause of all Cancers? 20%

Occupational Cancers are Totally Preventable !!! 100 %

Work Health

Worker Workplace O.M O.H

Industrial or Occupational Hygiene

 Anticipation  Recognition  Evaluation  Control Of Health Hazards arising in or from the Workplace

Occupational Medicine

Practices in Occupational medicine Occupational Medicine focuses on the prevention, evaluation, treatment and resolution of health conditions caused by the workplace environment.

Occupational Physician must : Determine that an injury or illness is caused by work, Diagnose it, Treatment, Assess the extent of impairment, & Assess the ability of the worker to resume work.

Independent Medical Examiner The highest level of evaluation the worker Most requests for IME opinions come from …

Occupational Medicine Services

 Preventive Services  Curative Services  Rehabilitative Services  Consultative Services  Administrative Services  Research Services  Educational & Training Services  & Other Services

The Rationale for Occupational Medicine Services  Size of Working Population  Economic Consequences  Special Hazards associated with Work

Levels of Prevention  Primordial Prevention  Primary Prevention  Secondary Prevention  Tertiary Prevention

Primary Prevention at an Organizational Level  Substitution of a Less Hazardous Process for a More Hazardous One  Substitution of a Less Hazardous Substance for a More Hazardous One  Installation of Engineering Controls & Devices  Job Redesign, Work Organization Changes, & Work Practice Alternatives

Primary Prevention at an Individual Level  Education  Personal Protective Equipment  Administrative Measures

Secondary Prevention of Occupational Illness  Screening for Occupational Disease  Screening at-risk Workers who are not Covered by Standard-mandated Examination

Tertiary Prevention of Occupational Illness  Prevent Disability  Prevent Further Progression

Health Examination Programs

P reemployment H.E. or P replacement H.E. ?

The Objectives of the Preplacement Health Exam. (Employment Entrance Examination)

Periodic Health Examination  General  Specific (Hazard-related)

The Objectives of Periodic Health Exam.

Other Mandatory Health Examinations

 Return-to-Work Examination a- Postinjury b- Postillness  Motor Vehicle Operator Examination  Locomotive Engineer Examination  Physical Fitness Examination  Flight Personnel Examination  Job Transfer Examination  Disability & Retirement Examination  Foreign Travel Examination (prior to)