23-27 September 2013 WLI REGIONAL KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE WORKSHOP ON DECISION-SUPPORT TOOLS AND MODELS Djerba, Tunisia Randa MASSAAD; Hadi JAAFAR; Ihab JOMAA (Lebanon)

Watershed location 1384 km 2 El Qaa Village Mediterranean Sea

El Qaa village FTF Indicator: Number of hectares under improved technologies or management practices as a result of USG assistance: (300 ha) or management practices as a result of USG assistance: (300 ha) Upscaling area (138,000 ha) Benchmark site (17,000 ha) 36˚ 28’ 48” 34 ˚ 20’ 31” Pilot area(s) for data collection(17,000 ha) Cadastral Limit of El Qaa village Target population  60 villages/Orontes Watershed Benchmark = El Qaa village population  900 households  total inhabitants  45 % adult male  55% adult female

WLI Goal and Intended Outputs Please insert a picture that represents your work Overall Goal: to improve the livelihoods of rural households and communities in areas where water scarcity, land degradation, and associated problems are prevalent. Intended Outputs: 1. Integrated water and land-use strategies for policy-making, tools for sustainable benchmark management and organizational mechanisms for community inclusion at the benchmark site. 2. Enhanced knowledge, skills and qualifications for key stakeholders in the benchmark sites. 3. Improved rural livelihoods of farmers in the benchmark sites through the adoption of sustainable land and water management practices and livelihood strategies. National water strategy in Lebanon: Strategic objectives for the Lebanese water Sector The vision is: "Water: A right for every citizen, a resource for the whole country"

1- Production Water quantity and quality 2- Transmission and Distribution Insure proper water supply Irrigation: Provide adequate quantities and quality of irrigation water and water-saving irrigation techniques 3- Wastewater Wastewater collection and treatment The MEW has two main objectives, the infrastructure and the management of the water sector in Lebanon. Infrastructure Management of water sector in Lebanon 1- Institutional and Organizational 2- Financial 3- Legal and Regulatory 4- Environmental Concerns 5- Awareness and Conservation MoA strategy to reduce poverty - Good Agricultural Practices - Insure and distribute certified rootstocks -Subsidies some field crops -Irrigation water saving techniques

Component1. Integrated water and land-use strategies Activity 1. Investigation of water availability at the benchmark area, water distribution schemes analysis study Source to Qaa Village Source Village Difference

3% Slope Najarims micro catchments Activity2: Irrigation/rainfed (micro level harvesting water) at small scale rainwater harvesting at farm level Component1. Integrated water and land-use strategies

3% Slope Semi-circular bunds

Qaa: NDVI and FOV temporal and spatial changes during the 21 st century A GIS and Remote Sensing approach Hadi Jaafar, PhD FAFS AUB Beirut, Lebanon 9/12/2013

Brief Area: ha Cadastral: Qaa Subject: Vegetation Changes Period: ( May to August) Index: Net difference vegetation and Fraction of Vegetation Method: GIS, remote Sensing Data: Landsat 5, 7 and 8 Sensors: TM, ETM, and LOI

Method ArcGIS data Model + Remote Sensing (Gillies, et,al 1997) Difference between IR and Visible (Red) Band Reflectances

GIS Model (Landsat 5)

GIS Model (Landsat 8)

FOV Time Series -Mean and Std. Dev.

FOV, July Highest in 2013

MODIS ET Results MOD13A2 NASA Product YearMCM/Summer

Discussion & Conclusion Increase in NDVI in year % above average in general Difference due to increase in agricultural lands Increase in fraction of vegetation cover Difference implies increase in evapotranspiration Less downstream flow to lower parts of Orontes

Activity 4: Conservation agriculture or no-tillage On-farm pilot-testing of conservation agriculture (CA) continued at a 2 dunum testing site and a 2 dunum control site Planted :December with 18kg/dn of Durum wheat " Lahn". Fertilizers and herbicides were added in February The aim of the experiment is to compare CA to the conventional agriculture CV in the same land and same conditions. The experiment is expected to prove to farmers that CA can reduce the risk of crop failure in dry years, due its positive effects on the soil moisture levels. A farmer who is willing for water harvesting techniques to be pilot tested on his land was identified.

Field Day

Results year YieldConventional Agriculture Kg/du Conservation Agriculture Kg/du Seeds Total Biomass Strow

Printed a booklet on wheat in Arabic for farmers (Plant Breeding Department and seed production) -varieties -Irrigation -Agricultural management…(fertilizer, harvesting..). Delivered in October Founded by WLI project

Component1. Integrated water and land-use strategies Activities suggested for 2014 Activity 1: Investigation of water availability at the benchmark area, water distribution schemes analysis study Activity2: Irrigation/rainfed (micro level harvesting water) at small scale rainwater harvesting at farm level Activity 4: Conservation agriculture or no-tillage Activity 5:On farm demonstration trial (Wheat, Barley and Chickpea) Activity 6: Effect of compost as a mulch on water productivity of sprinkle-irrigated potatoes in till and no-till systems (AUB)

Thank you