transverse, longitudinal and surface waves

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Presentation transcript:

transverse, longitudinal and surface waves Mechanical Waves transverse, longitudinal and surface waves

Mechanical Waves A mechanical wave is a disturbance in matter that carries energy from one place to another Mechanical waves require matter to travel through A mechanical wave is created when a source of energy causes a vibration to travel through a medium

Examples of Mediums A medium is the matter through which a wave travels Solids, liquids and gases can all act as a medium In a wave pool, the water is the medium When you shake a rope, the rope is the medium

Types of mechanical waves The three main types of mechanical waves are: transverse waves, longitudinal (compressional)waves and surface waves

Transverse Waves A crest is the highest point above the rest position of a wave A trough is the lowest point below the rest position of a wave crest crest trough

Transverse Wave In a transverse wave the wave causes the medium to vibrate at right angles to the direction in which the wave travels The wave carries energy from left to right, in a direction perpendicular to the up and down motion of the medium Direction of wave Direction of Vibration

Longitudinal Waves A compression is an area where particles in a medium are spaced close together A rarefaction is an area where particles in a medium are spread out This can be seen in spring toys like slinkies rarefaction compression

Longitudinal Waves A longitudinal wave is a wave in which the vibration of the medium is parallel to the direction the wave travels The vibration is a back and forth motion that is parallel to or in the same direction that the wave moves

Surface Waves A surface wave is a wave that travels along a surface separating two mediums An ocean wave travels at the surface between the water and the air Waves behave differently near shore, when they topple over themselves they bring the medium and anything floating in it with them

Surface Waves A bobber will move up and down like a transverse wave The bobber will also move back and forth like a longitudinal wave These two motions combined cause the bobber to move in a circle