Levels of Economic Development Levels of economic development are measured in goods and services available in a country.

Infrastructure  Basic support systems needed to keep an economy going, including power, communications, transportation, sanitation, and education systems.  The more sophisticated the infrastructure, the more developed the nation.

Measuring Economic Development Indicators

Per capita income  The average amount of money earned by each person in a country.

Gross National Product  GNP is the total value of all goods and services produced by a country over a year.  Because economies have become so interconnected, the GNP may contain the value of goods produced in another country by a company based in the home land. For example, shoes produced in Thailand by an American company would be part of the U.S. GNP.

Gross Domestic Product  All goods and services produced within a country.

Developing Nations  Have a low GDP and limited economic development  Lack an industrial base  Struggle to provide residents with items to meet their basic needs

Developed Nations  High per capita income  Varied economy – they do not depend on just one resource for their economic needs

Nation in Transition  Moving from developing to developed

UN Human Development Index (HDI)  The HDI measures the average achievements in a country in three basic dimensions of human development:  A long and healthy life, as measured by life expectancy at birth.  Knowledge, as measured by the adult literacy rate (with two-thirds weight) and the combined primary, secondary and tertiary gross enrollment ratio (with one-third weight).  A decent standard of living, as measured by GDP per capita (this figure can be deceiving in countries where there is a large disparity between the rich and the poor.

2004 report Top thirty countries Norway Norway Sweden Sweden Australia Australia Canada Canada Netherlands Netherlands Belgium Belgium Iceland Iceland United States United States Japan Japan Ireland Ireland Switzerland Switzerland United Kingdom United Kingdom Finland Finland Austria Austria Luxembourg Luxembourg  France France Denmark Denmark New Zealand New Zealand Germany Germany Spain Spain Italy Italy Israel Israel Hong Kong SAR (PRC) Hong Kong SAR (PRC) Greece Greece Singapore Singapore Portugal Portugal Slovenia Slovenia South Korea South Korea Barbados Barbados Cyprus Cyprus

Bottom 10 countries Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Central African Republic Central African Republic Ethiopia Ethiopia Mozambique Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau Burundi Burundi Mali Mali Burkina Faso Burkina Faso Niger Niger Sierra Leone Sierra Leone

Indicators for an average family  The following statistics and photographs portray the average family in countries throughout the world.

Developed, Developing or In- Transition?  6.5 children per family  Life expectancy: 45  Infant mortality: 117 per 1000  Literacy: 46%  1 Radio, 0 telephones, 0 TV, 1 bike  Per capita income - $290 South Africa, Germany or Mali?

Mali

 Life expectancy: 43  Infant mortality: 62 per 1000  Literacy: 85%  Average number children: 2.24  Size of home 400 s.f.  1 radio, 1 TV (broken)  No car  Per capita income $2780 Developed, Developing or In- Transition? South Africa, Egypt or Japan?

South Africa

 1.39 children per family  Life Expectancy: 80  Infant mortality: 3.5 per 1000  Literacy: 99%  3 radios, 1 telephone, 1 TV, 1 computer, 1 microwave, 1 car, 3 bikes  Per capita income $34,510 Developed, Developing or In- Transition? China, Haiti or Japan?

Japan

 1.7 children per family  Life expectancy: 72  Infant mortality: 24 per 1,000  Literacy: 91%  2 radios, 0 TV, 0 car  Per capita income $1100 Developed, Developing or In- Transition? Egypt, England or China?

China

 2 children per family  Life expectancy: 77  Infant mortality: 7 per 1000  Literacy: 97%  3 radios, 5 telephones, 2 TV, 1 computer, 2 cars  Per capita income: $37,610 Developed, Developing or In- Transition? United States, Mexico or Brazil ?

United States

 3 children per family  Life expectancy: 75  Infant mortality: 21 per 1000  Literacy: 91%  0 telephone, 1 TV, 2 stereos, 1 VCR, 0 car  Per capita income $6230 Developed, Developing or In- Transition? Germany, Mexico or Canada ?

Mexico

 5 children per family  Life expectancy: 54  Infant mortality: 73 per 1000  Literacy 53%  0 radio, 0 telephone, 0 TV, 0 car  Per capita income: $430 Developed, Developing or In- Transition? Austrailia, Haiti or Italy ?

Haiti

 1.5 children per family  Life expectancy: 77  Infant mortality: 4.7 per 1000  Literacy: 100%  3 radios, 1 TV, 1 VCR, 1 car  Per capita income: $25,250 Developed, Developing or In- Transition? Russia, Germany or Afghanistan ?

Germany