The Cosmic Engine.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Lesson 1: Models of the Solar System

Advertisements

22.1 Early Astronomy.

A History of Astronomy Astronomy is the branch of science that tries to know about objects outside the Earth (astronomical objects)

Famous Astronomers. Ptolemy Thought the Earth was at the center of the universe and that the other planets revolved around it (GEOcentric model) Thought.

ASTRONOMERS AND OUR CHANGING IDEAS ABOUT THE SOLAR SYSTEM.

Ancient Astronomy Objects in the Sky move in cycles –Stars, Sun, Moon, eclipses, etc. Why did most ancient people care? –Agriculture –Religion Egyptians.

The Challenge to Aristotle  For 1500 years Aristotelian physics and philosophy ruled the study of science and government  The Ptolemaic Universe was.

Early Models of the Universe. Pythagoreans (500 B.C.) Believed the stars, planets, sun, and moon were attached to crystalline spheres which rotated around.

Solar System D. Crowley, Solar System To understand how ideas of the solar system have changed Monday, August 10, 2015.

Models of the Solar System. The observations that you have been making of the Sun, Moon and stars were the same observations made by early scientists.

Early Astronomers and their Ideas

Astronomy- The Original Science Imagine that it is 5,000 years ago. Clocks and modern calendars have not been invented. How would you tell time or know.

 History of Astrology.  Claudius Ptolemy – 87 – 150 CE  Nicholas Copernicus – 1473 – 1543  Galileo Galilei – 1564 – 1642  Johannes Kepler – 1571.

CHAPTER 2: Gravitation and the Waltz of the Planets.

Intro to Astronomy Through the early history of civilization, people made observations about the night sky, sun, and moon. They tried to explain what they.

Web 1 Ancient Theories of Solar System 1.heliocentric theory 2. geocentric theory 3. Aristotle 4. Aristarchus 5. Ptolemy 6. Copernicus 7. Johannes Kepler.

Geocentric vs. Heliocentric

Developing a Model of the Solar System THE HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY.

Birth of Cosmological Models Babylonians –1600 B.C.: first star catalogs compiled; recording of planetary motion –800 B.C.: planetary locations with respect.

Unit 4 Space Chapter 10…What we know about the universe has taken us thousands of years to learn.

GENS X1Evolving View of the Universe1 Lecture 1: Our Evolving View of the Universe Dr. Michael Burton.

The Solar System Explorers. Ancient Greeks The ancient greeks noticed that the stars would move across the sky, but would stay in the same position relative.

What is the purpose behind Astronomy? Explore the unknown beyond our atmosphere Track planets, satellites (moons), stars, comets Keeping time = Calendar.

Solar System Models Geocentric Model Earth Centered Moon, Sun, Planets, and Stars revolve around the Earth Feels right No observed parallax of stars.

“Geocentric vs. Heliocentric Theory” Claims and Evidence from the Ancient Astronomers Cornell Notes pg. 61.

History of Astronomy. Early Astronomy Astronomy Is science that the universe Greeks 600 B.C. – A.D. 150 Measured distances to the Sun and Moon.

History of Astronomy. Our Universe Earth is one of nine planets that orbit the sun The sun is one star in 100 billion stars that make up our galaxy- The.

Questions What was the first idea of how the universe was structured?

Astronomy The Science that Studies The Universe Ancient Greeks To Isaac Newton.

Cool Dudes of Astronomy! a.k.a A brief history of astronomy.

Origins of Modern Astronomy

Bellwork 1.Who is credited with the revolutionary model of a HELIOCENTRIC solar system? A. Aristotle B. Ptolemy C. Galileo D. Copernicus 2.The planets.

Early Astronomy 4/21/ b pgs IN: Draw a diagram showing rotation and revolution. Open a book to pg. 486.

What is the difference between geocentric and heliocentric theories?

Origin of Modern Astronomy. Key Terms 1. Astronomy – It is the science that studies the universe. It includes the observation and interpretation of celestial.

Astronomical History Ptolemy expresses geocentric model 127AD

Ancient Greek and European

Early Western people believed that the Earth was the center of the universe. That is called a geocentric system. Ptolemy, a Greek astronomer believed that.

Astronomy  Astronomy is the study of the planets and other objects in space.  The “Golden Age of Astronomy” occurred during 600 – 150 B.C. when the ancient.

Early Astronomy Chapter 22, Section 1.

What is the difference between geocentric and heliocentric theories?

Models of the Solar System

Page 1 FAMOUS ASTRONOMERS. Page 2 ARISTOTLE Proved the Earth is round Worked with Optics Created a "prototype" of the Scientific Method His influence.

Astronomy Chapter Astronomy People in ancient cultures used the seasonal cycles to determine when they should plant and harvest crops. They built.

 Astronomy- the study of the universe  Year- the time required for the Earth to orbit once around the sun  Month- a division of the year that is based.

Ch 22 Astronomy. Ancient Greeks 22.1 Early Astronomy  Astronomy is the science that studies the universe. It includes the observation and interpretation.

Observing the Solar System Mrs. Davis Earth Science.

A Brief History of Astronomy NOTES GEO MEANS EARTH.

History of Astronomy Views of the Solar System. How did all of SPACE start? No one knows for sure, but it’s believed that… Between 10 to 20 billion years.

Models of the Solar System

Our Planet and Solar System. Ancient and Pre-Modern Theories of the Universe/Solar System Aristotle’s theory of four elements Astronomy and Astrology.

EARLY ASTRONOMERS. Aristotle (~ BC) Define the five Elements: Water, Aether (the Heavens, and of course, Earth, Wind & Fire Geocentric Model –

Chapter 1 The Copernican Revolution. The planets’ motions Wanderers among the stars Retrograde motion.

History of Astronomy How have ideas about the solar system and our place in it changed over time? How have ideas about the solar system and our place.

Identify the units of a calendar. How do scientists study space?

Models of the Solar System. Earliest Astronomers (Before 400 BC) ► Early civilizations (e.g., Maya, Babylonians) observed the heavens for religious and.

THE SOLAR SYSTEM Chapter 24A. Unit Objectives Compare models of the solar system To list and describe the objects in our solar system.

Outer Space Chapters 25 and Solar System Made up of: Sun (a.k.a. star) Planets Moons (yes plural) Other small objects.

Modelling Celestial Motion. Using Models Designers and engineers use models to help them solve problems without having to construct the real thing. Designers.

I. Early History of Astronomy

History of Astronomy The guys with their eyes on the skies.

Astronomy HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY. The scientific method had not been invented yet Most of the ideas of the time were based on Pure Thought The ideas of.

Models of the Universe.

“Geocentric vs. Heliocentric Theory”

Observing the solar system!

Origin of Modern Astronomy

Views of the Solar System

The history of Astronomy!.

“Geocentric vs. Heliocentric Theory”

The Early History of Astronomy

Presentation transcript:

The Cosmic Engine

Millions of stars (suns) Mercury Planets Venus Earth Gravity Mars Powered by nuclear reactions Sun is a star Jupiter Solar System Saturn Uranus Neptune Millions of stars (suns) Milky Way Galaxy Stars orbit galactic centre Gravity Billions of galaxies Universe Universe is expanding

Scale of the Universe http://primaxstudio.com/stuff/scale_of_universe/

A Little History Up until 200 years ago, it was all about the solar system. 1500 year battle over geo-centric vs helio-centric Geo-centric: Geo = earth Centric = centred around Everything revolved around the Earth Helio-centric: Helio = sun Centric = centred around Everything revolves around the sun

It all started with Aristotle & Aristarchus ~330BC Aristotle: Philosopher – Sun, moon, planets & stars orbit Earth on crystal spheres Geo – centric ~240BC Aristarchus: Philosopher – Earth & planets orbit the sun on crystal spheres, stars are on a fixed sphere very far away. Helio– centric

Claudius Ptolemy - ~120AD Geo-centric It explained retrograde motion of planets Based on evidence, not philosophy It worked! It became part of religious doctrine

Ptolemy

Nicolaus Copernicus 1473 - 1543 Helio-centric model – Earth & planets orbit the sun on crystal spheres It was simpler, and possibly more “correct”, but it didn’t work any better, therefore it was largely rejected. Also rejected for religious reasons

Copernicus

Tycho Brahe 1546-1601 Believed in a geo-centric universe He made amazingly accurate measurements (without the aid of a telescope) Kepler was his student (begrudgingly!) and he used Tycho’s results for the next great step in astronomy

Tycho Brahe

Johannes Kepler 1571 - 1630 Used Tycho’s data and worked with Copernicus’ model Made the leap from circular to elliptical orbits His model worked, but there was no mechanism to hold the solar system together It was therefore largely rejected

Kepler

Galileo Galilei 1564-1642 Used the first telescope in 1609 3 significant observations: Moons of Jupiter Phases of Venus Craters on the moon Heavens not “perfect” Labelled a heretic and forced to recant. He was only forgiven in 1992 (and then “pardoned”!)

Galileo

Sir Isaac Newton 1642-1727 Newton changed EVERYTHING in physics (and in maths!) In this story, he proposed the first theory of gravity – this was the missing piece of the Kepler model He was also able to predict the model that Kepler had proposed – this is science at its best

Newton

But this is only the beginning… It took another 200 years to start to understand the universe outside of the solar system. They hadn’t even begun to explain nebulae, galaxies, black holes, quasars, pulsars and all the other cool things in the universe.