How Much Sunshine? Investigation 3 part 1 Day 10 How Much Sunshine? Investigation 3 part 1

Visualization Exercise 3.1 Using a Bar Graph Visualization Exercise 3.1 >>>next slide<<<

Lab Notebook, P. 7 9:59 11:02 12:12 13:26 14:23 14:47 14:22 13:23 12:11 10:59 9:58 9:33 Exercise 3.1 Image comprehension focus: Applying data from a table to a bar graph Rationale: Bar graphs are an effective and often-used method of comparing data in an organized, visual manner. It is important that students are able to apply data to a bar graph and to recognize the structure and function of bar graphs in order to effectively utilize the data content of the chart. Type of Activity: Teacher Comment Objective: To reinforce student understanding of conventions used in applying data to a graph. Module Images: Lab Notebook, P. 7 Procedure: Explain: “At the top of page 7 in our lab notebooks we see a table of dates and times. We will use this table to calculate the hours of daylight for each month, then we will create a bar graph using the numbers from the table. This bar graph will allow us to quickly compare the number of hours of daylight by making the difference from month to month easy to see without reading.” Explain: “So, let’s first go through and calculate the number of hours of daylight.” (click to advance through: the calculations will appear line by line. Stop advancing slides when the last calculation is filled in) Explain: “OK, now that we’ve figured that out, what do we do with those numbers? Well, first we have to figure out where to graph the numbers. We can see that the y-axis (that’s the up-and-down line on the left) is already labeled with numbers 0 through 16. We can assume that these numbers correspond to the number of hours of daylight in the table above.” Ask: “How should we label the columns along the x-axis (that’s the side-to-side line at the bottom of the graph)? I’ll give you a hint: notice that there are 12 columns in this graph and there are 12 rows in the table above.” [the columns should be labeled January through December] (advance slide to reveal month labels) Explain: “Great, now let’s graph those numbers! We need to look at the January column:” (advance slide) Continue explanation: “from there we’ll fill in from the bottom line up to just below the ‘10’ line,” (advance slide) Continue explanation: “indicating that there were, on average, 9 hours and 59 minutes of sunlight for the month of January, 2000. Next, we do the same for February, noting that this time we should fill in from the bottom up to just above the ‘11’ line, indicating that there were, on average, 11 hours and 2 minutes of sunlight.” (advance slide twice) Continue explanation: “and we do the same for March…” (advance slide twice) Continue explanation: “…and for the rest of the months. Now that we have our graph completed, it is very easy to see that the number of hours of daylight increases from January to June and decreases from June to December. What might not be as obvious is that this is a cycle and these numbers stay more or less the same from year to year. Have a look at the following graph of two consecutive years” >>>next slide<<< Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Average daylight for two years Procedure (continued): Explain: “When we look at this image it is easy to see the pattern developing…” >>>next slide<<<

Average daylight for three years Procedure (continued): Explain: “…and here it becomes even easier to see. This graph tells us that year after year, we can expect the average hours of daylight each month to be very similar to the years before and after” >>>end of exercise<<<

December 21 Do we have fewer than 24 hours? Shortest Day Why would someone say that? Do we have fewer than 24 hours? Fewer hours of sunshine Light + dark hours = 24

Longest Day? If it’s true that there is a shortest day, is there also a longest day of the year? Yes, June 21

Today’s Sunlight How many hours of sunlight will we have today? Example: Sunrise 6:24 a.m. Sunset 6:44 p.m. Calculate the amount of sunlight.

Sunrise/Sunset Time for 2000 Table is the sunrise and sunset times Times were recorded on the 21st each month

Hours of Daylight Calculate the hours and minutes of daylight on the 21st of each month. Make a bar graph to show the amount of daylight month by month

Hours of Daylight Copy the hours of daylight Jan 9:59 Feb 11:02 Mar 12:12 Apr 13:26 May 14:23 Jun 14:47 Jul 14:22 Aug 13:23 Sept 12:11 Oct 10:59 Nov 9:58 Dec 9:33 Copy the hours of daylight Make a bar graph to show the amount of daylight month by month Remember that 60 minutes = 1 hour

Review the Graph

Review the Graph The amount of daylight over a year in Berkeley?

Review the Graph Days get longer - Jan to Jun Days get shorter - Jun to Dec

Review the Graph Longest Day? Shortest Day?

Review the Graph 12 hours of daylight?

Review the Graph More than 14 hours How many hours of sunlight on the longest day? More than 14 hours

Review the Graph More than 9 hours How many hours of sunlight on the shortest day? More than 9 hours

Sunlight & Seasons What season is the longest day? What season is the shortest day?

Global Daylight When one location on Earth has 14 hours of daylight, is all the rest of the world having 14 hours of daylight as well? Is the longest day of the year the same length? Is the longest day of the year the same day?

Global Daylight Are the longest days always in the summer? Are the shortest days always in the winter?

Reading Turn to pg 12 Read “Wendy and Her Worldwide Weather Watchers” Answer the Think Questions on page 16