EDUCATION “education for all”“the defences of peace”, “the free exchange of ideas and knowledge” “ the unrestricted pursuit of objective truth” “intellectual and moral solidarity” “mutual understanding” EDUCATION AS A DEVELOPMENT PRIORITY 718 th Wilton Park Conference 1-5 September 2003

EDUCATION “education for all”“the defences of peace”, “the free exchange of ideas and knowledge” “ the unrestricted pursuit of objective truth” “intellectual and moral solidarity” “mutual understanding” EDUCATION AS A DEVELOPMENT PRIORITY 718 th Wilton Park Conference 1-5 September 2003 EDUCATION FOR ALL: HOW AND WHY? John Daniel Assistant Director-General for Education UNESCO

EDUCATION FOR ALL WHY?

Constitution (1945) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation “the States Parties to this Constitution, believing in full and equal opportunities for education for all, in the unrestricted pursuit of objective truth, and in the free exchange of ideas and knowledge”

Constitution (1945) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation “That the …war …was made possible by the denial of the democratic principles of dignity, equality and mutual respect of men, and by the propagation, in their place, through ignorance and prejudice, of the doctrine of inequality of men and races.

Constitution (1945) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation “That the wide diffusion of culture, and the education of humanity for justice and liberty and peace are indispensable to the dignity of man and constitute a sacred duty which all the nations must fulfil in a spirit of mutual assistance and concern.

Constitution (1945) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation “That a peace based exclusively upon the political and economic arrangements of governments would not be a peace which could secure the unanimous, lasting and sincere support of the peoples of the world, and that the peace must therefore be founded, if it is not to fail, upon the intellectual and moral solidarity of mankind.

Constitution (1945) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation “full and equal opportunities for education for all, in the unrestricted pursuit of objective truth, and in the free exchange of ideas and knowledge”

Constitution (1945) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation “are agreed and determined to develop and increase the means of communication between their peoples and to employ these means for the purposes of mutual understanding and a truer and more perfect knowledge of each other’s lives”.

EDUCATION LIBERTY JUSTICE PEACE

EDUCATION FOR ALL WHY NOT?

Constitution (1945) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation “full and equal opportunities for education for all, in the unrestricted pursuit of objective truth, and in the free exchange of ideas and knowledge”

GERMANY 1798 Frederick William III

“We have sacrificed a great deal in the length of our lands. Our state has lost much in external power and splendour, but that is all the more reason why we should direct our attention toward winning for it an internal power and splendour. It is my formal desire that the most minute attention be given to the education of the people.” Frederick William III

JAPAN Meiji Restoration 1867

JAPAN Meiji Restoration 1867 Education Act 1872 “learning is the key to success in life, and no man can afford to neglect it. … everyone should subordinate all other matters to the education of his children. …Henceforth, through out the land, without distinction of class and sex, in no village shall there be a house without learning, in no house an ignorant person.”

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Massachusetts 1852 Compulsory school attendance

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Massachusetts 1852 Compulsory school attendance Massachusetts Act 1642 Placed on parents, and on the masters of children who had been apprenticed to them, the responsibility for their basic education and literacy

EUROPE Compulsory schooling BRITAIN 1880 FRANCE 1881

AIMS OF EDUCATION Prussia: Economy, ‘internal strength’ Japan: Rich country, strong army USA: Citizenship, democracy

EDUCATION FOR ALL WHY NOT?

EDUCATION FOR ALL WHY am I optimistic now?

DEVELOPMENT: more robust concept DEMOCRACY: gradual spread

DEVELOPMENT AS FREEDOM Amartya Sen (OUP)

DEVELOPMENT… is the process of expanding the real freedoms that people enjoy.

The expansion of FREEDOM is the primary end and the principal means of DEVELOPMENT

DEVELOPMENT AS FREEDOM Amartya Sen (OUP)

A new climate Millennium Development Goals + Monterrey Consensus

The 1990s Feeble progress in EFA Decrease in ODA

GET EQUAL

G GET EQUAL G = Girls and Gender gender “to eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005 gender and achieve gender equality by 2015 girls with a special focus on ensuring full and equal access for girls to basic education of good quality.”

E GET EQUAL E = Elementary/Primary “to ensure that by 2015 all children, especially girls, children in difficult circumstances, and from ethnic minorities have access to and complete free and compulsory primary education of good quality.”

T GET EQUAL T = Training “to ensure that the learning needs of all young people are met through equitable access to appropriate learning and life skills programmes.”

E GET EQUAL E = Early Childhood early childhood “to expand and improve comprehensive early childhood care and education, especially for the most vulnerable and disadvantaged children.”

QU GET EQUAL QU = Quality quality “to improve all aspects of the quality of education to achieve recognised and measurable learning outcomes for all – especially in literacy, numeracy and essential life skills.”

AL GET EQUAL AL = Adult Literacy adult literacy “to achieve a 50 per cent improvement in levels of adult literacy by 2015, especially for women, as well as equitable access to basic and continuing education for adults.”

GET EQUAL the whole package

Education for All - Primary responsibility with country (on average 97% of resources for education in developing countries come from the countries themselves)

G GET EQUAL G = Girls and Gender gender “to eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005 gender and achieve gender equality by 2015 girls with a special focus on ensuring full and equal access for girls to basic education of good quality.”

UNGEI UN Girls’ Education Initiative led by UNICEF

E GET EQUAL E = Elementary/Primary “to ensure that by 2015 all children, especially girls, children in difficult circumstances, and from ethnic minorities have access to and complete free and compulsory primary education of good quality.”

FAST-TRACK initiative for Universal Primary Completion led by WORLD BANK

EFA FLAGSHIPS Literacy in the Framework of United Nations Literacy Decade (UNLD) The Initiative on the Impact of HIV/AIDS on Education Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) The Right to Education for Persons with Disabilities: Towards Inclusion Education for Rural People (ERP) Education in Situations of Emergency and Crisis Focusing Resources on Effective School Health (FRESH) Teachers and the Quality of Education

EFA TODAY MORE DETERMINATION + BETTER ORGANISATON

EDUCATION “education for all”“the defences of peace”, “the free exchange of ideas and knowledge” “ the unrestricted pursuit of objective truth” “intellectual and moral solidarity” “mutual understanding” EDUCATION AS A DEVELOPMENT PRIORITY 718 th Wilton Park Conference 1-5 September 2003 EDUCATION FOR ALL: HOW AND WHY? John Daniel Assistant Director-General for Education UNESCO