Welcome to the eighth HAPL meeting Courtesy, Mark Tillack, UCSD

The High Average Power Laser Program the what, the why, the how, and the when

The "WHAT"...We are developing the science and technology for a new energy source Spherical target Electricity Generator Dry wall (passive) chamber Target factory Modular Laser Array Final optics Inertial fusion energy with lasers, direct drive targets, solid wall chambers Modular, separable parts: lowers cost of development AND improvements Conceptually simple: spherical targets, passive chambers Builds on significant progress in US Inertial Confinement Fusion Program

One of the many reasons "WHY" Source: DOE Energy Information Agency China's Oil Production and Consumption Thousands of barrels per day Production Consumption Net Imports China1, 300 M People, 1% have private cars, 5 M Barrels/day US 300 M People, 100% have private cars, 20 M Barrels/day

The "HOW"... The HAPL Program Core Belief The fastest, most cost effective, and least risky approach to develop fusion energy: Develop the key science and technologies together as an integrated system, using the end goal of a practical power source as a guide

If you don't know where you're going, You're not going to get there

The HAPL program principles 1. Focus on the end product….value simplicity over complexity 2. Follow Phased Program with well defined goals and metrics 3. Establish underlying science & technology first 4. Form cross institutional "special" teams to solve problems 5. Value predictive capability and experimental verification 6. Leave room for invention and innovation

The WHEN...The Path to develop Laser Fusion Energy Phase II Validate science & technology Phase III Engineering Test Facility operating  2020  Full size laser: 2.4 MJ, 60 laser lines  Optimize targets for high yield  Develop materials and components.   MW net electricity Phase I: Basic fusion science & technology Ignition Physics Validation MJ target implosions (NIF) Calibrated 3D simulations Target design & Physics 2D/3D simulations 1-30 kJ laser-target expts Full Scale Components Power plant laser beamline Target fab/injection facility Power Plant design HAPL Krypton fluoride laser Diode pumped solid state laser Target fabrication & injection Final optics Chambers materials/design

HAPL Program Elements and goals for Phase I Lasers (KrF and DPPSL) Develop scalable technologies that meet fusion energy needs for efficiency (> 6%), rep rate (5-10 Hz), durability (> 10 8 shots continuous), beam quality, and pulse shape. Chambers Produce conceptual design that repeatedly and efficiently harnesses the energy released from the target, consistent with laser propagation, target injection and target tracking. Final Optics Demonstrate laser induced damage threshold of > 5 J/cm 2 in large area optics. Develop integrated optics design that resists degradation from neutrons, x-rays, and ions. Target Fabrication Develop methods to mass produce cryogenic DT targets that meet the requirements of the Target Design codes. Use established costing models to project target cost < $0.25 ea. Build an injector that repetitively accelerates targets to 400 m/sec. Demonstrate target placement of +/- 1 cm and tracking of +/- 20 microns. Numbers based on power plant requirements Target Injection First Wall Materials Develop a first wall system that can survive the repetitive blast of x-rays, ionized particles, and neutrons from a fusion energy target. Direct Drive Target Design Develop credible target designs, using benchmarked 2D and 3D modeling, which have sufficient gain (> 100) and stability for fusion energy,and meet the needs of target fabrication and injection. (In conjunction with NRL Nike and LLE programs))

On elephants in the room and believing your own press THE HAPL PRESS Thursday, Feb 5, 2004 Feather Makes Elephant Fly Weather Target: Cold Chamber: Hot “Something’s got to give” Sports MFE mired in bureaucratic red tape while IFE sets its sites on energy. FESAC Panel to report on science of Pachyderm aerodynamics ______________ OMB: "not interested" in flight Dumbo and Timothy Q Mouse are carrying out a coordinated, focused research program to fly. The approach is based on feathers, circus tents, a nasty circus master, lots of drunken roust abouts, a bunch of old bitties and a mean spirited bunch of clowns. After an unexpected drunken evening, Dumbo and TQM wake up in a tree. Aided by a group of crows that “seen” the light, Dumbo is presented the magic feather and proceeds to soar into history. inv & inn, combo

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