1. 1 1. Feb 2001:NRL 2. May 2001:NRL 3. Nov 2001:LLNL 4.Apr 2002:GA 5. Dec 2002:NRL 6. Apr 2003:Sandia 7. Sep 2003:Wisconsin 8. Feb 2004:Georgia Tech 9. Jun 2004:UCLA 10. Oct 2004:PPPL 11. Mar 2005:NRL 12. Jun 2005:LLNL 13. Nov 2005: LLE 3, 12 4 9 6 7 8 1,2,5,11 Welcome to "this" HAPL meeting Concept: Still courtesy of Mark Tillack, UCSD 10 13

2. 2 The "business model" for the HAPL program: ♦ Integrate Science & Technology ♦ Multi-institutional /Multi discipline program ♦ Ultimate goal: an attractive electric power plant Universities 1.UCSD 2.Wisconsin 3.Georgia Tech 4.UCLA 5.U Rochester, LLE 6.UC Santa Barbara 7.UC Berkeley 8.UNC 9.Penn State Electro-optics Government Labs 1.NRL 2.LLNL 3.SNL 4.LANL 5.ORNL 6.PPPL Industry 1.General Atomics 2.Titan/PSD 3.Schafer Corp 4.SAIC 5.Commonwealth Tech 6.Coherent 7.Onyx 8.DEI 9.Voss Scientific 10.Northrup 11.Ultramet, Inc 12.Plasma Processes, Inc 13.PLEX Corporation 14.FTF Corporation 15.Research Scientific Inst 16.Optiswitch Technology HAPL meeting #12, LLNL June 2005

3. 3 We have established a baseline "350 MJ" target with specs we can all live with.... Can meet needs for gain, fabrication, & injection L.J. Perkins (LLNL) 1D calculation based on initial NRL design: LASER:2.459 MJ YIELD:364.7 MJ GAIN:148.3 (laser has picket pulse) DT Vapor (.0002 g/cc) DT Ice (fuel) Foam/DT (ablator) 2.227 mm radius CH seal coat 334  m 153  m 5  m 800 Ǻ 50/50 Au/Pd outer layer demonstrated: imprint reduction, fast DT fill High IR reflectivity 5  m CH coating demonstrated seal, should get RMS < 50 nm 100 mg/cc foam can make this dia,  Gas temp 17.3  K balances physics and ice RMS Surface temp 18.6  K below DT Triple Point, allows for warmup J. Perkins D. Colombant D. Goodin J. Hoffer M. McGeoch R. Petzoldt R. Raffray A. Robson A. Schmitt This target and threat spectrum on HAPL web site CD 2 ?

4. 4 Materials Issues  Data Base ( S. Sharafat, Wed AM)  Establish a common set of specifications for candidate FW materials  SiC  W  Opportunity for community input... what other specs/materials we need?  Tying Together Our FW Exposure Expt's (J. Blanchard, Wed AM)  Guide for future experiments/other facilities Materials properties will be on the HAPL web site

5. 5 Workshop Agenda Tuesday Is there a less costly path to IFE? Community Discussion -1 Lasers Poster Break Target Physics/ Group Photo Lunch Chambers / Optics: Science & Tech Poster Break Target Fab/Inj/engagement Chambers Blankets & Neutronics Tour of LLE Facilities Omega, Omega EP, Dave's lab Wednesday Blankets, Neutronics, Materials Poster Break First Wall Armor Expts Fusion Materials Data base First Wall He Retention & Bonding Lunch He Retention & Bonding-cont Community Discussion -2 Meeting Wrap up

6. 6 Considerations for a less expensive path to IFE

7. 7 The Dream…A plentiful, safe, clean energy source A 100 ton (4200 Cu ft) COAL hopper runs a 1 GWe Power Plant for 10 min Same hopper filled with IFE targets: runs a 1 GWe Power Plant for 7 years

8. 8 The best way to make your dream comes true… make sure there’s a market for it

9. 9 The Path to develop Laser Fusion Energy (from April 2003 HAPL mtg) Phase II Validate science & technology 2006 - 2014 Phase III Engineering Test Facility operating  2020  Full size laser: 2.4 MJ, 60 laser lines  Optimize targets for high yield  Develop materials and components.   300-700 MW net electricity  Resolve basic issues by 2028 Phase I: Basic fusion science & technology 1999- 2005 Ignition Physics Validation MJ target implosions Calibrated 3D simulations Target Design & Physics 2D/3D simulations 1-30 kJ laser-target expts Full Scale Components Power plant laser beamline Target fab/injection facility Power Plant design Scalable Technologies Krypton fluoride laser Diode pumped solid state laser Target fabrication & injection Final optics Chambers materials/design 5 yr

10. 10 Missions for Phase III: 1) Efficient use of taxpayer dollars 2) Success Ignites Private Investment AER CG Convincing case this leads to an attractive, efficient power plant James Watt’s Steam Engine

11. 11 Suggested goals for Phase III Target physics…demonstrate high gain –Validate codes, show path to energy gain All key components work together at rep-rate –Laser –Optics –target fab/injection/engagement –Chamber –Thermal management –Tritium handling Make a convincing path to needed efficiency, durability, and economics

12. 12 Parameters that can efficiently meet Phase III goals Laser Energy sub MJ 500 kJ Smaller, as this is the largest cost driver Phase III Parameter Rangenominal Target Gain 10-80 60 Demo physics, confidence can get high gain Rep-Rate (Hz) 5-10 5 Prototypical level Fusion Power (MW) 35-150 150 Thermal management, nuclear issues Test materials/components (availability) 30-75% 60% Demo durability, test components Tritium Breeding & Recovery (TBR) 0.9 - 1.1 1.0 Demo technology, afford to run it!!!

13. 13 Concept of testing materials & components with a Laser IFE system Test Object Wall: 5.5 m radius (150 MW fusion power, 70% output in neutrons, 60% availability ) Power Plant Level Chamber (large enough to last life of facility) Target Laser Beams (Ports arranged in 6 rings) Radius (m) 0 1 2 3 4 5 Fusion Neutron Flux (MW/m 2 ) 8.4 2.1 0.9 0.5 0.3 Displacements/atom (dpa) 50 12 5.5 3.1 2.0 M/I

14. 14 Laser Energy sub MJ 500 kJ Smaller, as this is the largest cost driver Phase III Parameter Rangenominal Rep-Rate (Hz) 5-10 5 Prototypical level Fusion Power (MW) 35-150 150 Thermal management What new areas do we need to look at? Target Gain 10-80 60 Demo physics, confidence can get high gain Test materials/components (availability) 30-75% 60% Demo durability, test components Tritium Breeding & Recovery 0.9 - 1.1 1.0 Demo technology, afford to run it!!! Credible lower laser energy target designs Breeding options, particularly with materials testing Utility of laser based fusion materials tester for IFE (and MFE)

15. 15 Lowering the development cost will help us realize our goal of a plentiful, safe, clean energy source.