Messiah Is a rescuer, sent by God.

The Zealots Did not want to wait on the messiah. They wanted to fight the Romans for their freedom. Zealot’s drove the Romans out of Jerusalem. 4 years later the Romans took back Jerusalem. Killed thousand of Jews. They also destroyed the Temple in Jerusalem.

Jews Revolted again 3 years later the Romans crushed the Rebellion. Romans forbid the Jews to step foot in Jerusalem. Renamed Judah Palestine.

Rabbis not Priests Taught the Torah. They combined the torah into a book called the Talmud. The Talmud remains an important record of Jewish law.

Palestine is divided Palestine was divided and the New Jewish nation of Israel arose.

Greece Is a peninsula (a land with water on 3 sides) Mediterranean Sea is in the South Ionian sea is in the West Aegean sea is in East.

Greece landscape Greece has lots of islands covered with mountain ridges, hills, and forests.

The Minoans The Island of Crete lies southeast of the Greek Mainland. The minoans palace dates back 5,000 years. They used oak and cedar trees to build their ships to sail as far as Egypt and Syria.

The Minoan empire collapses Some historians believe that Undersea earthquakes crushed the cities by way of Waves. Others think invaders from the mainland caused the destruction.

The Mycenaean's Were originally from central Asia. They invaded the Greek mainland and conquered the people living there. They were invaders These leaders became the 1st Greek Kings.

The Mycenaean Kingdom They copied the ways of the Minoans. They worked with bronze, built ships. The seas enabled them to trade. They were most famous for their victory in the Trojan War.

The Dark Ages This is where the Greeks forgot their written language and how to make many things.

A positive thing in the Dark Ages Lots of Greeks left the mainland and moved to the Islands in the Aegean Sea. Other Greeks moved to the country of Turkey. This movement expanded Greek Culture.

The Dorians These were Greek-speaking people that lived in Greece's northern Mountains. They began to move south. They settled in Peloponnesus

The Dorians bring weapons to Greece They brought iron weapons Greeks used bronze that was more expensive and not as strong. The Greeks picked up their writing from the Phoenicians. The Greek alphabet had 24 letters that stood for different sounds.

Colonies A colony is a settlement in a new territory that keeps close ties to its homeland. Greece had too many people to feed, so people started new smaller colonies. Greeks started colonies in Italy, France, Spain, North Africa, and Western Asia.

The Greeks make money The Greeks minted coins and could trade goods for money. Specialization: The development of different kinds of jobs. Example: People that made pottery usually lived where there was a lot of clay.

POLIS A polis is a city-state that was like a tiny independent country. The Acropolis: this was the main gathering place in the Polis. It stood at the top of a hill. It was a safe place at time of attacks.

AGORA An Agora is an open marketplace where they could buy goods and also could debate about issues.

The Greek Citizenship The Greeks were the first people to develop the ideal of Citizenship. CITIZENSHIP means you are a part of a society and are treated as a equal .

Rights of the Greek Citizens 1. They could gather in the Agora to choose their officials and pass laws. 2. Had the right to vote 3. Could hold office 4. Own property 5. Defend themselves in court