GENETICS Practice Chapter 11

G g G g GG Gg gg The parents in this cross are _____________ 75 Homozygous Heterozygous Heterozygous G g GG Gg gg If G is dominant for green pods and g is recessive for yellow pods, what percentage of the offspring will have green pods? _______% 75

B b The genotype of the offspring in the blue box is _______ bb The offspring in the blue box is homozygous heterozygous homozygous

Another name for pure is _________________ homozygous In guinea pigs black fur (B) is dominant over brown fur (b). The Punnett square for a cross between a HETEROZYGOUS black guinea pig and a PURE brown guinea pig would look like B b B b B b B b This is the Correct setup Heterozygous = Bb Pure brown = bb Another name for pure is _________________ homozygous

Red throats (R) are dominant over white (r) throats in Goonie birds. R r r Red throats (R) are dominant over white (r) throats in Goonie birds. Make a cross between a PURE RECESSIVE and a HETEROZYGOUS Goonie bird. Rr rr Rr rr 50% red throats 50% white throats What are the possible phenotypes of their offspring? (% and color)

Black eyes (B) are dominant over red eyes (b) in rats. B b B b Black eyes (B) are dominant over red eyes (b) in rats. Make a cross between two HETEROZYGOUS rats. BB Bb Bb bb What are the possible phenotypes of their offspring? (% and color) 75 % black eyes 25% red eyes

The parents in this cross are _____________ Homozygous Heterozygous Homozygous If W is dominant for long wings and w is recessive for short wings, what percentage of these offspring will have short wings? _______% 0% only ww makes it short

Who is the “Father of Genetics”? Gregor Mendel Which of the following genotypes could be from a HETEROZYGOUS organism? TT Rr Ww bb XX Ss Rr Ww Ss

hybrid What kind of cross is this? Pure dominant X pure recessive Heterozygous X heterozygous Heterozygous X homozygous Hybrid recessive X hybrid pure Heterozygous X Homozygous hybrid Another name for heterozygous is _______________

In Reebops curly tails (T) are dominant over straight tails (t). Make a cross between a HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT and a HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE Reebop. T T t Tt Tt Tt Tt What is the probability the offspring will have straight tails? 0% All will be Curly tailed (Tt)

BT BT BT BT BT bt bT Bt What are the possible genotypes? Bb x Tt ______ ______ _______ _______ BT bt bT Bt What type of gametes can this organism produce? BB x TT ______ ______ _______ _______ BT BT BT BT

A a The genotype of the offspring in the blue box is _______ homozygous heterozygous heterozygous How many of the offspring from this cross will show the dominant characteristic? ¾ (75%) – AA and Aa

G g GG Gg gg Green pods G is dominant for green pods. g is recessive for yellow pods. What is the genotype of the offspring in the shaded box? Gg What is the phenotype of the offspring in the shaded box? Green pods

Which of the following is NOT TRUE? Genotype determines phenotype Alleles are different forms of the same gene. Genotype is the way the genes make you look. Organisms with different genotypes can have the same phenotype. T T F T Tt and TT both look tall

Purple (P)is the dominant color for monsters. Yellow is recessive (p). Make a cross between a HOMOZYGOUS purple and a yellow monster. P P p Pp Pp What will the offspring be like? (% and color) 100% purple

What genotype would a PURPLE dad have to be to make a yellow monster baby with a Purple (Pp) mom monster? P p ? pp Pp Dad needs to have: a little p to give one to the baby a big P to be purple himself

1 3 3 T = Tall Y = yellow peas t = short y = green peas In this cross: TtYy X TtYy What is the probability the offspring will be: short AND green? ____/16 Short AND yellow? ____/16 Tall AND green? ___/16 tall AND yellow? ___/16 1 3 3 9

16 Y = yellow peas R = red flowers y = green peas r = white flowers In this cross: YYRR X yyRR Be careful! What is the probability the offspring will be: Yellow peas AND white flowers? ____/16 Green peas AND red flowers? ____/16 Yellow peas AND red flowers? ___/16 Green peas AND white flowers? ___/16 16

3 3 9 T = Tall R = red t = short r = white In this cross: TtRr X TtRt What is the probability the offspring will be: Tall AND white? ____/16 Short AND red? ____/16 Tall AND red? ___/16 Short AND white? ___/16 3 3 9 1

If you cross a homozygous RED flowered four o’clock plant with a homozygous WHITE flowered plant, ALL of the offspring produced have PINK flowers. This type of inheritance in which the heterozygote (Rr) shows a blending of traits is called __________. A. Dominant/recessive inheritance B. Co-dominance C. Incomplete dominance Incomplete dominance

A o AA Ao B AB Bo The alleles for blood type show 2 kinds of inheritance.. The following statements are TRUE or FALSE? F A & B are codominant A is dominant over B. O is dominant over A. A is dominant over O. B and A are co-dominant A is incompletely dominant over O. O is recessive to A and to B F O is recessive to both A & B T T F T

TR Tr tR tr TtRr X TtRr Tall = T short = t R= round r=wrinkled TTRR TTRr TtRR TtRr TTRr TTrr TtRr Ttrr TtRR TtRr ttRR ttRr TtRr Ttrr ttRr ttrr Tall = T short = t R= round r=wrinkled seeds seeds

Dominant Dominant Recessive Recessive FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE WORDS Dominant OR Recessive In a DIHYBRID HETEROZYGOUS cross the offspring that are 9/16 are _______________ for both traits. 3/16 are _____________ for one trait and _____________ for the other. 1/16 are _____________ for both traits. Dominant Dominant Recessive Recessive

An organism has the genotype Xy. What are the possible sperm it can produce? ______ ______ X y THINK ABOUT IT: If females have an XX genotype and can only give X genes, which parent is the one that determines whether the baby is a boy or girl? Father ; The mother always gives an X If the father gives a y, it’s a boy. If the father gives an X; it’s a girl.

How many offspring will be Short AND Round? ______ 3/16 This is an example of a DIHYBRID cross. Which pattern of phenotypes will be seen in the offspring? 9:3:3:1 How many offspring will be Short AND Round? ______ Short AND wrinkled? ______ 3/16 Recessive and dominant 1/16 Recessive and recessive HINT: 9- dominant for both 3- recessive and dominant 3- dominant and recessive 1- recessive and recessive

What are the 3 different kinds of inheritance you learned about? Dominant/recessive Incomplete dominance Co-dominance Offspring of the P1 generation are called ______ F1

Which of the following crosses would you expect to see a 9:3:3:1 ratio in the offspring? SSYY X ssyy SsYy X SsYy ssYY X SSyy SsYy X SsYy 9:3:3:1 ratio is seen in dihybrid crosses

What do we call the offspring of the F1 generation? Which of the following genotypes could be from a HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE organism? TT bb Rr Ww tt XX aa bb tt aa

What are the possible offspring of a cross between a blood type AB mom and a type O dad? Ao Bo Ao Bo What are the probable blood types of the offspring? 50% Type A 50% Type B

o Ao Ao Wilma and Fred are going to have a baby. Fred in AA and Wilma is oo. What are the possible blood types of their baby? A A o Ao Ao 100% will have A type blood

o Ao Ao Wilma and Fred are going to have a baby. Fred in AA and Wilma is oo. What are the possible blood types of their baby? A A o Ao Ao 100% will have A type blood

What type of gametes can this organism produce? RrTt ______ ______ _______ _______ RT rt rT Rt What type of gametes can this organism produce? WwGg ______ ______ _______ _______ WG wg wG Wg