Status summary of RPC R&D for INO ICAL detector B.Satyanarayana, TIFR, Mumbai Satyajit Jena, IIT Bombay, Powai For INO Collaboration

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai2 Posters on display 1. The INO project 2. Development of Resistive Plate Chambers for the INO detector 3. Experiences of using float glass as electrodes for radiation detectors 4. On aging problem of glass Resistive Plate Chambers 5. Status of INO RPC R&D activities

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai3 INO detector concept 50 Kton magnetised ICAL

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai4 INO ICAL detector specifications Number of modules3 Module dimensions16 m X 16 m X 12 m Detector dimensions48 m X 16 m X 12 m Number of layers140 Iron plate thickness~6 cm Gap for RPC trays2.5 cm Magnetic field1.3 Tesla RPC unit dimensions2 m X 2 m Readout strip width3 cm Number of RPCs/Road/Layer8 Number of Roads/Layer/Module8 Number of RPC units/Layer192 Total number of RPC units27000 Number of electronic channels3.6 X 10 6

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai5 Current INO RPC R&D centers TIFR, Mumbai SINP, Kolkata VECC, Kolkata BARC, Mumbai IITB Mumbai, Powai … University centers

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai6 Typical INO prototype RPC designs 1200X900 mm, 1000X1000 mm400X300 mm, 300X300 mm Pickup panel Graphite coat Gas in/out nozzles  2mm thick local float glass or Bakelite  2mm single gas gap using spacers or buttons  Spacers, buttons, frames, gas nozzles made of poly carbonate

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai7 A couple of our very first results EfficiencyTiming

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai8 Aging of an RPC

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai9 Long term stability study RPCs Two RPCs made of Japanese glass Readout by common pickup panel Operated in avalanche mode (R134a: 95.5% and the rest Iso-Butane) at 9.3KV Round the clock monitoring of RPC and ambient (T, RH and P) parameters In the system for more than 18 months Chamber currents, noise rate, combined efficiencies etc are stable

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai10 Parameter monitor plots of RPCs

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai11 Tracking muons using RPC stack Stack of 10 RPCs Gas unit Telescope DAQ Streamer mode (R134a=62%, Argon=30% and the rest Iso-Butane) Recording hits, timing, noise rates etc

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai12 Some interesting events tracked

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai13 Scheme of INO prototype detector 12, 1m 2 RPC layers 6cm thick magnetised iron plates About 1000 readout channels RPC and scintillation paddle triggers Hit and timing information

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai14 Readout scheme for prototype

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai15 Integration of electronics & DAQ Front-end Back-end

B.Satyanarayana, TIFR JIGSAW-2007, February 2007, TIFR Mumbai16 Summary Successfully developed glass RPCs Work on Bakelite version in progress Studied aging problem in the RPCs Glass characterisation and selection Studied long term stability of RPCs RPC production for prototype detector Integration of electronics and DAQ Local development of materials and processes

Naba K. Mondal (INO Spokesperson) JIGSAW-2007 February 19, 12:15 hours India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO)