BOMBARDING OF MATERIALS WITH EXPLOSION-ACCELERATED PARTICLES: EVALUATION OF DEVELOPED PRESSURES E.V. Petrov 1, R.G. Kirsanov 2, and A.L. Krivchenko 3 1 Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 2 Samara State Agricultural Academy, Ust-Kinelskii 3 Samara State Technical University, Samara

Objects of research 2 Cylinders h=40 mm, ø 24 mm material-(steel – U8) TiN – powder (t mel = С, ρ=5,44 g/сm 3 ), particles size 45 – 57 μm (74%), used as the main material for practical purposes. Histogram of particles TiN W powder (t mel = С, ρ=19,3 g/сm 3 ), particles size 13 – 16 μm (55%), used as model material Histogram of particles W

3 Scheme of experiment 1 − detonator, 2 − explosive, 3 – air clearance, 4 – steel tube, 5 – ring, 6 – powder particles, 7 – sample (steel U8).

Investigations of the microhardness distribution at the depth of 4 mm, steel U8 sample height is 40 mm The increase of the samples hardness : 90 0 – by powder particles by 26 % 90 0 – by shock wave by 16 % 60 0 – by powder particles by 38 % 60 0 – by shock wave by 28 % 45 0 – by powder particles by 32 % 45 0 – by shock wave by 22 % Collision angle Collision angle Collision angle

Cross-section of the sample X-ray spectral microanalysis (LEO-1450) The sample treated by TiN powder 5 TiN particles into the sample, depth ~ 2 мм, collision angle – 60 0 SpectrumCTiNFe Microanalysis of TiN particles (atomic%) Near-surface layer of obstacle, collision angle – 90 0 Penetration depth of TiN particles is about 2,1 – 2,3 mm that much more than initial particles size (60 μm), in 38 times

ElementApp. Conc. Weight % Atomic % C3,998,5445,77 Fe27,1925,9229,90 W1W1 52,5565,8220,57 W S1 58,0469,4724,33 The sample treated by W powder, collision angle is W particles into the sample: 3 mm 0,126 mm Microanalysis W particles Near-surface layer of obstacle Penetration depth of W particles is about 126 μm that much more than initial particles size (14 μm ), in 9 times X-ray spectral microanalysis (LEO-1450)

7 1. Experimental evaluation of pressure, with using electret polivinildihlorid transducer gave us values of 1-2 GPa (Aleksentseva S.E., Kalashnikov V.V., Krivchenko A.L., Tsivinskaya L.V., Interaction of Accelerated Particles with Metals, Abstr. Symp. on Synergism, Materials Structure, and Self-Assembling Technologies, Moscow, 1996, pp. 24–25. ) 2. To value the interaction parameters between particle flow( we study it as porous body) and steel sample we use the methodology agreed impedances. It’s shown: when the porosity (m) = 3,9 the incoming shock wave pressure (P) in steel = 34 GPa when the porosity (m) = 4,5 then P = 25 Gpa when the porosity (m) = 8 (the porosity of W particle flow in the experiment, ) then P = GPa. (Kirsanov R.G. The study of the kinetics of the processes, changes in the structure and properties of metals under shock-wave action flux of discrete particles in the mode of super-deephpenetration: dissertation Candidate of Physical Mathematical Sciences: / Samara, – 139 p. Estimated value of pressure in the collision flow of particles W and TiN with a steel sample

Estimated value of pressure in the collision flow of particles W and TiN with a steel sample Conservation equation of impulse where ρ 0 – density; D – speed of the shock jump; U – the mass velocity. where a and b – coefficients; For steel: а= 3800 m/s, b= 1,58 For W: а= 4010 m/s, b= 1,24 For TiN: а= 6280 m/s, b= 1,154 Numerical estimate: for W: Р = 62 GPa; for TiN: Р = 41 GPa. Linear equation of the shock adiabat 8

It is shown that interaction of the explosion-accelerated particle flow with the obstacle is accompanied by three types of interaction: 1.The relatively weak interaction of detonation products flow with the material of obstacles. Pressure in obstacle does not exceed the pressure of the elastic precursor - 1 GPa. 2.More stronger interaction of the particle flow with the material of obstacles. Pressure on whole of sample surface Gpa (calculated by the reflection of shock adiabats). 3.Locally strong interaction of the one particle with obstacle surface. In this case, pressure for W particles = 62 Gpa, TiN particles = 41 GPa (calculated from the equations of the shock adiabats). Сonclusions: 9

Thank you for attention 10