1. Department of Explosion Laboratory of High-Speed Processes Laboratory of Dynamic Loading

2. Super-hard materials: Cubic silicon nitride H V, GPa P i, g Shock synthesis:β-Si 3 N 4 → c-Si 3 N 4 ►nano-dispersive powder Static HPHT burning: 1100°C, 5-6 GPa, 1-5 hours ► nano-bulks Micro-hardness vs load to indenter ► Scale – 1 mm 1-3 – our, 4-5 – Japan, 6-7 – USA 2-fold harder than others Laboratory of High-Speed Processes

3. Investigation of detonation and shock waves by synchrotron radiation 1-D and 2-D density distribution behind shock and detonation front SAXS for kinetics of crystal phase and cracks growing during explosion events Dynamic X-ray diffraction Technical data: SR beam 15x0.1 mm in size, exposure – 1 ns, repeat – 250 ns Energy of γ-quantum up to 20 kV X-ray quantometer up to 256 channels single detector 0.1 mm in width explosive chamber up to 50 g of HE investigated

4. Hardware for experiments

5. Laboratory of Dynamic Loading Principal research topics: Investigation of pulse loading and deformation processes of homogeneous and heterogeneous media for developing of advanced materials. Explosive chambers: a) KV-2, max weight of explosive charge is 1 kg, b) VK-15 max weight of explosive charge is 5 kg. Staff: 3 professors, 2 senior researchers (Ph.D), 1 research officer a b Equipment: explosive chambers, digital oscilloscopes, pulse generators, scanning electron microscope, optical microscopes. Scanning electron microscope LEO-420 with X-ray microanalyser RONTEC

6. Explosive welding: a) fragments of heat exchanger and crystallizer, b) multi-layer composite materials. Explosive compaction: metal-ceramic composite materials and products. a b

7. Developing microcrystalline materials by dynamic methods Fragmentation in form of block structures is visible after shock- wave loading of fine-grained materials Microstructure of compact from internally oxidized copper alloy Cu - 0,4%Al

8. The experimental set-up (a) and a photo of measuring element (b) for measurement of temperature of a metal jet. 1 – the copper cylinder with semispherical hollow, 2 - the insertion from constantan, 3 - a rod from constantan, 4 - a compound charge of explosive, 5 - a detonator. The X-ray photograph of impact of a cumulative jet and a rod. Measurement of a cumulative jet temperature a b

9. The set-up (a) and a photo (b) of experimental assembly: 1 - a researched powder, 2 - an aluminium foil, 3 - a coil - source of a magnetic field, 4 - the measuring coil, 5 - a com- pound charge of explo- sive, 6 - a detonator. ( D - u) - the diagram of shock compression Al 2 O 3 powder with initial density 1.06 g/sm 3. Measurement of mass velocity behind shock wave front in powder