Unit 5 Basic Chemicals

Aims and Requirements 1. Mastering terminology of basic chemical induestry; 2.Understanding the feature of basic chemical induestry; 3. Understanding the problem of basic chemical induestry Important and Difficult Teaching Points 1. Explanation of the specialized words and terminology; 2. Analyzing the structure of the complex sentence; 3. Comprehending and translating the text.

一、 Words and Expressions 1.dedicate 致力于 E.g. : The engineer dedicates his life to finding a new way to produce the new chemical 2. commodity---accommodation 日用品， 商品

3.glamorous 动人的 attractive 4. on one ’ s toes 随时准备着， ready 5. emission-free 无排放， zero emission

二、掌握英语的关键 思想 → 文章 → 段落 → 句子 → 词汇 idea → article → paragraph → sentence → word 词汇是基础 句子是根本 段落是骨架

三、 What is the basic chemicals industry ？ please give some examples Characteristics: High volume sector, single product, continuous manner,automated by computer control. Examples: Sulphuric acid; phosphorus containing compounds; nitrogen- containing compounds; chlor-alkali; petrochemicals; commodity polymers.

四、 Paragraph design Topic (subject, main idea): Basic chemicals Defination (paragraphs 1and 2) Situation (paragraph 3) Position and features (paragraph 4) Task (paragraphs 5and 6) Challenge (paragraphs 7,8 and 9) Conclusions (paragraphs 10 and 11)

五． Important sentence analysis 1.As a result, the plants used are dedicated to the single product, operate in a continuous manner and are highly automated, including computer control. 所以，所使用的装置只专用于一种单一的产品， 以连续方式操作，并且高度地自动化，包括计 算机控制。

2.With the exception of the latter, they are key intermediates. 3.(and at the very least the profits come in unpredictable cycles of boom and bust). 至少其利润处在不能预料的忽而暴涨忽 而暴跌的循环中。

4.There is little leaway for any company to charge premium prices for its products. 每一个公司都没有多少余地去为其产品增 加额外的价格 5.Less land is being farmed and less fertilizer (is being) used.

6.The industry may well see increased consolidation as companies swap plants to achieve better economies of scale or better market position in specific products. companies swap plants 工厂变成公司 随着工厂变成公司，这种工业内部会出现更多 的联合，以达到更佳经济规模或使某些产品具 有更好的市场地位。

7.This could leave an industry with far fewer players but with a better balance of supply and demand and (with) better profitability. 这会使工业留下少的多的操作者，但也达到了 更好的供需平衡和更好的利润。 8.There is still much to do in the basic chemicals industry.

Exercises1 High-volume sectorLow-volume sector Production scaletens to hundreds of thousands tons per year tens to a few thousands tons per year Products / a plantsingle productmulti-products Operation mannercontinuousbatch Price or profitfairly cheapvery profitable Usageintermediatesend-products Challengesreduced demand, environment pollution Products in the sectorsulphuric acid, phosphorus-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, chlor-alkali, petrochemicals, commodity polymers agrochemicals, dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, speciality polymers