C. Johannesson Atomic Structure. Structure of the Atom  Protons- Positively charged particles in the nucleus  Neutrons-neutrally charged particles in.

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Presentation transcript:

C. Johannesson Atomic Structure

Structure of the Atom  Protons- Positively charged particles in the nucleus  Neutrons-neutrally charged particles in the nucleus  Electrons-negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus C. Johannesson

A. Mass Number  mass # = protons + neutrons © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

Structure of the Atom  Atomic Mass-number of protons and number of neutrons  Atomic Number- number of protons C. Johannesson

Structure of the Atom Symbols C. Johannesson

B. Isotopes  Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers because they have different numbers of neutrons Mass # Atomic #  Nuclear symbol:  Hyphen notation: carbon-12

C. Johannesson B. Isotopes © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

C. Johannesson B. Isotopes  Chlorine-37 atomic #: mass #: # of protons: # of electrons: # of neutrons:

C. Johannesson C. Relative Atomic Mass  12 C atom = × g  1 p= amu 1 n = amu 1 e - = amu © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.  atomic mass unit (amu)  1 amu= 1 / 12 the mass of a 12 C atom

C. Johannesson D. Average Atomic Mass  weighted average of all isotopes  on the Periodic Table  round to 2 decimal places Avg. Atomic Mass

C. Johannesson Avg. Atomic Mass D. Average Atomic Mass  EX: Calculate the avg. atomic mass of oxygen if its abundance in nature is 99.76% 16 O, 0.04% 17 O, and 0.20% 18 O amu

C. Johannesson Avg. Atomic Mass D. Average Atomic Mass  EX: Find chlorine’s average atomic mass if approximately 8 of every 10 atoms are chlorine-35 and 2 are chlorine amu

What is an ion?  If an atom has a positive or negative charge it is considered an ion  It has either lost or gained electrons  Cation-Postive Anion-Negative  Cl -  Mg 2+ C. Johannesson

Questions?  “Nothing exists except atoms and empty space; everything else is opinion”Nothing exists except atoms and empty space; everything else is opinion C. Johannesson