"Teaching Energy and the Environment with a Geoscience Perspective" Edward Stermer Illinois Central College

PHYSC 110: Energy and the Environment This course provides students not majoring in science with an opportunity to study world energy and environmental problems while learning basic concepts of physical science. What is Physical Science? Physics Chemistry Earth Science

The Evolution of PHYSC 110 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s 2000 ??????

The Students 87% needed a physical science course to fulfill their degree requirements. focus of study: education, business, fire science 74% took this course because they are interested in energy/environmental issues. 53% agreed with the following statement: “The thought of taking a science course scares me.” 41% are uncomfortable with math.

Energy: Its Use and the Environment Hinrichs and Kleinbach 1. Introduction. 2. Energy Mechanics. 3. Conservation of Energy. 4. Heat and Work. 5. Home Energy Conservation and Heat-Transfer Control. 6. Solar Energy: Characteristics and Heating. 7. Energy from Fossil Fuels. 8. Air Pollution and Energy Use. 9. Global Warming, Ozone Depletion, and Waste Heat. 10. Electricity: Circuits and Superconductors. 11. Electromagnetism and the Generation of Electricity. 12. Electricity from Solar, Wind, and Hydro. 13. The Building Blocks of Matter: The Atom and Its Nucleus. 14. Nuclear Power: Fission. 15. Effects and Uses of Radiation. 16. Future Energy Alternatives: Fusion. 17. Biomass: From Plants to Garbage. 18. Tapping the Earth's Heat: Geothermal Energy. 19. A National and Personal Commitment.

Energy: Its Use and the Environment Hinrichs and Kleinbach 1. Introduction. 2. Energy Mechanics. 3. Conservation of Energy. 4. Heat and Work. 5. Home Energy Conservation and Heat-Transfer Control. 6. Solar Energy: Characteristics and Heating. 7. Energy from Fossil Fuels. 8. Air Pollution and Energy Use. 9. Global Warming, Ozone Depletion, and Waste Heat. 10. Electricity: Circuits and Superconductors. 11. Electromagnetism and the Generation of Electricity. 12. Electricity from Solar, Wind, and Hydro. 13. The Building Blocks of Matter: The Atom and Its Nucleus. 14. Nuclear Power: Fission. 15. Effects and Uses of Radiation. 16. Future Energy Alternatives: Fusion. 17. Biomass: From Plants to Garbage. 18. Tapping the Earth's Heat: Geothermal Energy. 19. A National and Personal Commitment.

Why use a Geoscince Perspective? Overlooked aspect of Physical Science Fundamental to the understanding current energy and environmental issues Student Interest and Engagement Geology Is Cool!!!

A Geoscience Perspective The Earth behaves as a system

The Earth System Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere

Boxes are carbon sinks Arrows are carbon fluxes The Carbon Cycle Evaporation Weathering Carbon In Ocean Water Carbon In Atmosphere Carbon In Rocks Dissolution Volcanic Eruptions Decomposition Respiration Photosynthesis Combustion Plants Phytoplankton “Biomass” Soil Marine Sediment “Organic Matter” Fossil Fuels Lithification Consumption Boxes are carbon sinks Arrows are carbon fluxes

A Geoscience Perspective The Earth behaves as a system A geological sense of time and change

65 248 540 4,600 Present Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary K-T Extinction 65 Cretaceous Mesozoic Jurassic Reptiles Triassic 248 Permian Extinction Phanerozioc Permian Plants Amphibians Pennsylvanian Mississippian Paleozoic Devonian Fish Silurian Ordovician Shells Cambrian Cambrian Explosion 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian 4,600

Carbon Cycle Ocean Subcycle Short Term 10’s - 100’s of Years Rock Subcycle Long Term Millions of Years Carbon In Ocean Water Carbon In Atmosphere Carbon In Rocks Fossil Fuel Subcycle Short Term 10’s of Years Plants Phytoplankton Soil Marine Sediment Fossil Fuels Fossil Fuel Subcycle Long Term Millions of Years Biological Subcycle Short Term Days - Years

A Geoscience Perspective The Earth behaves as a system A geological sense of time and change The geologic past provides a window to the future.

“History may not repeat itself, but it sure does rhyme.” - Mark Twain

65 248 540 4,600 Present Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary Mega mammal Extinction Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary K-T Extinction 65 Cretaceous Mesozoic Jurassic Reptiles Triassic 248 Permian Extinction Phanerozioc Permian Plants Amphibians Pennsylvanian Mississippian Paleozoic Devonian Fish Silurian Ordovician Shells Cambrian Cambrian Explosion 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian 4,600

540 4,600 Present Quaternary ICE AGE Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary Cretaceous Mesozoic Jurassic Reptiles Triassic Phanerozioc Permian Plants Amphibians Pennsylvanian ICE AGE Mississippian Paleozoic Devonian Fish Silurian Ordovician ICE AGE Shells Cambrian 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian ICE AGE 4,600

Climate change Computer Models

A Geoscience Perspective The Earth behaves as a system A geological sense of time and change The geologic past provides a window to the future Fossil Fuels are rare in the geologic time.

Pet Coal 540 4,600 Present Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary Cretaceous Mesozoic Jurassic Reptiles Triassic Phanerozioc Permian Plants Amphibians Pennsylvanian Mississippian Paleozoic Devonian Fish Silurian Ordovician Shells Cambrian 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian 4,600

Formation of Petroleum and the Earth System Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere

A Geoscience Perspective The Earth behaves as a system A geological sense of time and change The geologic past provides a window to the future Fossil Fuels are rare in the geologic time. Fossil fuel resources are finite and are limited by geology The amount of energy resources that humans can recover is limited by technology which is limited by natural laws

A Geosciences Perspective The Earth behaves as a system A geological sense of time and change The geologic past provides a window to the future. Fossil Fuels are rare in the geologic time. Humans are influencing the earth system at an ever increasing rate.

Welcome to the Anthropocene

65 248 540 4,600 Present Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary ANTHROPOCENE Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary K-T Extinction 65 Cretaceous Mesozoic Jurassic Reptiles Triassic 248 Permian Extinction Phanerozioc Permian Plants Amphibians Pennsylvanian Mississippian Paleozoic Devonian Fish Silurian Ordovician Shells Cambrian Cambrian Explosion 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian 4,600

The Use of Fossil Fuels and the Earth System Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere

A Geosciences Perspective The Earth behaves as a system A geological sense of time and place The geologic past provides a window to the future. Fossil fuel resources are finite and are limited by geology (not technology). Humans are influencing the earth system at an ever increasing rate. The Evidence is in the Field “GET OUTSIDE”

A Sense of Adventure!!!

Peoria Geology

An Class Framework The Coming Storm Fossil Fuel based Society

How did We Get to This Spot A Sense of Time Energy and Society Science and Technology

How Does the Ship Work? Energy and Power Conservation of Energy Atomic Theory Thermodynamics Solar Energy Electricity Energy Generation of Electricity The Earth System

What Fuels the Ship? The Carbon Cycle Fossil Fuels Illinois Coal* Petroleum Gasoline and Refining Nuclear Power

The Waters are Becoming Choppy and a Storm is Brewing on the Horizon The Atmosphere Air Pollution Climate Illinois Ice Ages* Climate Change Peak Oil t T t P

How do We Change Course? Solar Heating Systems Geothermal Heat Electricity from Solar Wind Electricity* Biofuels Carbon Sequestration and FutureGen