Electron Config… ya digg? October , 2.009 * 103 Objective: SWBAT compare and contrast the Bohr model with the “Modern Atom” SWBAT write electron configurations for elements Catalyst: Draw the Bohr model for Aluminum. Draw the Bohr model for Boron. What similarities do these two elements have?

Agenda Catalyst Review Modern Atom Electron Configuration!! Practice, Practice, Practice Exit Question

Do we really know where electrons hang out? Key Point #1: The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle tells us that there are limits to how much we can really know about electrons Electrons are super tiny and they move very fast! Can we really know where they are?

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Book Definition: The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle states that it is fundamentally impossible to know precisely both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time. Our Definition: The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle tells us that it is impossible to know where an electron is in an atom But! We can make a pretty good guess!

How? Schrödinger Equation Key Point #2: The Schrödinger Equation predicts the location of an electron in an atom. It tells us that electrons hang out in atomic orbitals.

Schrödinger Equation and Atomic Orbitals Key Point #3: There are 4 atomic orbitals… s p d f

A Saying to Remember the Four Atomic Orbitals some pirates die fiercely!

The s Orbital One s orbital in each energy level The s orbital is shaped like a sphere

The p Orbital Three p orbitals in each energy level (starting in the 2nd energy level!) Shape looks like dumbells or bowties

p and s Orbitals Side by Side

Start in the 3rd energy level! Shape looks like eggs or flowers The d orbital Five d orbitals Start in the 3rd energy level! Shape looks like eggs or flowers

The f orbital Seven f orbitals - start in 4th energy level

Quick Review Questions Answer in your notes What are the four atomic orbitals? Draw the s and p orbitals and describe the shape of each. List 2 similarities between the Bohr model and the “Modern Atom.” List 2 differences between the Bohr model and the “Modern Atom.”

Electron Configuration Knowing where electrons are in an atom helps us determine how that atom will behave in a chemical reaction We write electron configurations for atoms of each element to help us map out the electrons Small number =Number of electrons 1s2 Letter=orbital Large number= energy level

Electron Configuration Review: Where do electrons hang out? Now, we have to know how many electrons can fit into each atomic orbital Think of each orbital as a type of house Some houses are big, some small Some houses have more bedrooms than others

Electron Configuration (First Energy Level) Each orbital (bedroom) can hold two electrons Review: How many orbitals are on the first energy level? Good, just one! This is an s orbital! One bedroom = up to 2 electrons = electron

Electron Configuration (Second Energy Level) Review: Which orbitals are on the second energy level? Good! s and p Review: How many p orbitals are there? Good! Three p orbitals

Electron Configuration (Second Energy Level) So….how many electrons could shack up on the second energy level? Eight electrons! = electron

Electron Configuration (Third energy level and beyond) Review: How many d orbitals are there? Good, five d orbitals! So….how many electrons could shack up in d orbitals? Good! Ten electrons!

Electron Configuration (Fourth Energy Level and Beyond) Review: How many f orbitals are there? Good! Seven f orbitals So….how many electrons could shack up in f orbitals? = electron Good! Fourteen electrons!

Electron Configuration Review Fill in the table below on your notes. Orbital Type (s, p, d, or f) Energy Level # of Orbitals Maximum # of Electrons s p 5 14 1 1,2,3,4… 2 3 6 2,3,4… d 10 3,4… f 4… 7

Electron Configuration Key Point #4: Electron configuration: Shows how the electrons are distributed among the various atomic orbitals and energy levels. The format consists of a series of numbers, letters, and superscripts as shown below: 1s2

Electron Configuration 1s2 Large number = energy level Letter = atomic orbital Superscript (small) number = number of electrons in atomic orbital

Figure it out yourself!! (15 mins) Look at the table that has 1s, 2s, 2p on your notes sheet. Here I have put a couple electron configurations. See if you can figure out how to do the last two. Mg-1s22s22p63s2 Ne- 1s22s22p6 Si- 1s22s22p2 K- 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 S- B-

Electron Configuration N – 1s2

Electron Configuration N – 1s2 2s2

Electron Configuration N – 1s2 2s2 2p3

Electron Configuration N – 1s2 2s2 2p3 = 7 e-

Electron Configuration Na – 1s2

Electron Configuration Na – 1s2 2s2

Electron Configuration Na – 1s2 2s2 2p6

Electron Configuration Na – 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 = 11 e-

Electron Configuration Be: Ne: Br:

Electron Configuration Be: 1s22s2 Ne: 1s22s22p6 Br: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p5

Exit Question Write the electron configuration for the following 2 elements: Manganese Fluorine

More Electron Configuration and Valence Electrons October , 2.009 *103 Objective: SWBAT write noble gas configurations for elements in the periodic table SWBAT identify trends in valence electrons on the periodic table Catalyst: Write the electron configuration for iron and argon.

Agenda Catalyst Noble Gas Configuration Valence Electron Project Work Time Exit Question

Catalyst Iron: 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6 Argon: 1s22s22p63s23p6

Electron Configuration Scientists are WAY too lazy to write all that mess!

Electron Configuration FIGURE IT OUT YOURSELF!!! (10 mins) Hg – [Xe]6s24f145d10 S – [Ne]3s23p4 Sm – [Xe]6s24f5 Si- Rb-

Electron Configuration Key Point #1: Noble Gas Configuration –Start writing your notation from the last noble gas BEFORE the atom you are going to.

Electron Configuration Ag

Electron Configuration Ag – [Kr]5s24d9

Electron Configuration Ca

Electron Configuration Ca – [Ar]4s2

Electron Configuration S

Electron Configuration S – [Ne]3s23p4

Electron Configuration and Valence Electrons Each group: Write long electron configurations for first four elements in given family. Group 1: Alkali Metals (1) Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (2) Group 3: Boron’s group (13) Group 4: Nitrogen’s group (15) Group 5: Halogens (17) Group 6: Noble Gases (18)

Electron Configuration and Valence Electrons Each group: Write long electron configurations for first four elements in given family. Group 1: Alkali Metals (1) Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (2) Group 3: Boron’s group (13) Group 4: Carbon’s group (14) Group 5: Nitrogen’s group (15) Group 6: Oxygen’s group (16) Group 7: Halogens (17) Group 8: Noble Gases (18)

Electron Configuration and Valence Electrons What trends do you see? How many valence electrons are there in each group? Group 1: Alkali Metals (1) Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (2) Group 3: Boron’s group (13) Group 4: Nitrogen’s group (15) Group 5: Halogens (17) Group 6: Noble Gases (18)

Electron Configuration and Valence Electrons What trends do you see? How many valence electrons are there in each group? Group 1: Alkali Metals (1) Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (2) Group 3: Boron’s group (13) Group 4: Carbon’s group (14) Group 5: Nitrogen’s group (15) Group 6: Oxygen’s group (16) Group 7: Halogens (17) Group 8: Noble Gases (18)

Valence Electron Trends on the Periodic Table

Project Work TIME!!! Write electron configurations for your family Draw Bohr models for your family

Exit Question Write the noble gas configuration for Bromine Copper Sodium